M'magalimoto okhala ndi cabover cab, njira yofunikira yothandizira imaperekedwa - makina opukutira okhala ndi silinda ya hydraulic ngati chinthu champhamvu.Werengani zonse za masilindala a makina opangira ma cab, mitundu ndi mapangidwe awo omwe alipo, komanso kusankha kwawo kolondola ndikusintha - werengani m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi silinda ya makina opangira cab ndi chiyani?
Silinda ya makina a cab tipping (silinda ya IOC, silinda ya IOC hydraulic) ndi yomwe imayendetsa makina agalimoto yagalimoto yokhala ndi mawonekedwe a cabover;Silinda ya hydraulic yochita kawiri pokweza ndi kutsitsa kabati.
Silinda ya MOQ ili ndi ntchito zingapo:
- Kukweza kabati yokonza kapena kukonza injini ndi machitidwe ena;
- Kuthandizira njira yolumikizirana pothandizira kabati pamalo ogubuduzika;
- Kutsitsa kosalala kwa cab popanda kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka.
Silinda ya hydraulic iyi ndi gawo la makina opangira ma cab (magalimoto ena amaphatikizidwa ndi makina onyamula ma gudumu), omwe amakhala ndi pampu yamafuta, mapaipi awiri, posungira madzi ogwirira ntchito komanso, kwenikweni, MOK. yamphamvu.Limagwirira ntchito autonomously kuchokera injini ndi mayunitsi ena a galimoto, ndi wokwera pansi kabati pa chimango spar.Silinda imathandizira kwambiri ndikufulumizitsa kukonza galimotoyo, kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chikufunika, chifukwa chake ngati chiwonongeka, kukonza kapena kusinthidwa kuyenera kuchitika posachedwa.Kuti musankhe silinda yoyenera ya hydraulic, muyenera kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake, magwiridwe antchito ndi zina.
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za silinda ya makina opangira cab
Njira yopangira cab
Pakadali pano, magalimoto onse amagalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito masilinda a IOC hydraulic hydraulic cylinders okhala ndi makina opangira ma hydraulic throttling.Maziko a mapangidwe a chipangizochi ndi silinda yachitsulo, yotsekedwa pamapeto onse awiri ndi zophimba.Pachivundikiro chomwe chimakwirira kumapeto kwa silinda, pali diso lokhomerera pamphepete mwa chimango chagalimoto.Mkati mwa silinda muli pisitoni yokhala ndi mphete za O, pisitoni imalumikizidwa ndi ndodo yachitsulo yomwe imadutsa pachivundikiro chapamwamba (chisindikizocho chimaperekedwa ndi khafu) ndipo chimatha ndi diso lolumikizana ndi hinge ndi mtengo wautali kapena zina. mphamvu element ya cab.
M'zivundikiro za silinda ya hydraulic ya MOK pali zopangira (kapena ma bolts-fittings) zolumikizira mapaipi.Pachivundikiro chapamwamba (m'mbali mwa ndodo), choyenerera chimadutsa mumsewu womwe madzi ogwirira ntchito amaperekedwa ndikutulutsidwa mu silinda.Pachivundikiro chapansi (mbali ya kuyika pa chimango) pali throttle (throttle assembly) ndi / kapena valve cheke, yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi ogwira ntchito kuchokera ku silinda pamene cab imatsitsidwa.The throttle ndi kuchepa kwa njira yojambulidwa mu chivundikirocho, njira yake yomwe imatha kukhala yosasintha kapena kusinthidwa ndi screw screw.Valve yowunikira (aka hydraulic lock) imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa madzi ogwirira ntchito kuchokera ku silinda pamene kanyumba kakwezedwa.
Mfundo ya ntchito ya MOK hydraulic cylinder ndiyosavuta.Ngati kuli kofunikira kukweza kanyumba, mpope amazunguliridwa ndipo mafuta amayenda mu payipi kupita ku chivundikiro chotsika cha silinda, madziwo amadutsa munjira mu silinda ndikukankhira pisitoni - pansi pa kukakamizidwa kopangidwa ndi madzi, pisitoni imasuntha ndikukankhira kanyumba kupyolera mu ndodo, kuonetsetsa kuti ikugwedezeka.Ngati kuli koyenera kubwezera kabati kumalo ake oyambirira, mafuta amaperekedwa pachivundikiro chapamwamba cha silinda, momwe amalowera mu silinda ndikukankhira pisitoni - pansi pa mphamvu yolenga, pisitoni imasunthira pansi ndikutsitsa. zashuga.Komabe, pali chivundikiro cham'munsi cha silinda, chomwe chimalepheretsa mafuta kutuluka pabowo mwachangu - izi zimapanga mphamvu yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa kanyumbako, komwe kumalepheretsa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka.
Kuthamanga kwa kukweza ndi kutsitsa kabati kumayendetsedwa ndi throttle ndi valavu yoyang'anira, zomwe zomangira zoyenera zimaperekedwa pachivundikiro chapamwamba cha silinda ya IOC (yokhala ndi mutu wa slot kapena hexagon ya wrench yotseguka) .
Mapangidwe a silinda ya makina opangira cab
Masilinda amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi njira yoperekera madzimadzi ogwira ntchito:
- Ndi kugwirizana kwa mizere mwachindunji pamwamba ndi pansi chivundikirocho;
- Ndi kugwirizana kwa mizere ku chivundikiro chimodzi (nthawi zambiri mpaka pansi) ndi kuperekedwa kwa mafuta ku chivundikiro chachiwiri ndi chubu chachitsulo chomangidwa.
Ma silinda amtundu woyamba wa IOC amakonzedwa mophweka - pazivundikiro zonsezi pali zopangira zomwe mapaipi (hoses) ochokera ku mpope wa MOC amalumikizidwa.Ma hydraulic silinda amtundu wachiwiri ndi ovuta kwambiri, zopangira zonse zili pachivundikiro chapansi, koma cholumikizira chimodzi chimalumikizidwa ndi chubu chachitsulo chomwe mafuta amayenda kupita pachivundikiro chapamwamba.Zipangizo zamtundu wachiwiri zimathandizira kuchepetsa kutalika kwa mizere yamafuta ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwawo, popeza ali mu ndege imodzi ndikupunduka synchronously pakukweza / kutsitsa kanyumba.
Masilinda amakono a MOK nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyeso yaying'ono (kutalika kwa 200-320 mm ndi mainchesi 20-50 mm) ndipo amapangidwira kukakamiza kwamafuta 20-25 MPa.Zipangizo zomwe zafotokozedwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto apanyumba (KAMAZ, MAZ, Ural) ndi magalimoto opangidwa kunja (Scania, IVECO ndi ena).
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusintha silinda yamakina a cab tipping
Pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira kanyumba, mbali za silinda yake ya hydraulic zimawonongeka kwambiri, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwonongeka imatha kuchitika (kupindika kwa ndodo ndi silinda, ming'alu ya silinda, kuwonongeka kwa ma eyelets, ndi zina) .Ngati kuvala kapena kusokonezeka, silinda iyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa pamsonkhano (omwe lero ndi osavuta komanso otsika mtengo).M'malo mwake, muyenera kusankha silinda ya IOC yamtundu womwewo ndi chitsanzo chomwe chinali pagalimoto kale - iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira kuti makina onse azigwira bwino.Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa magalimoto atsopano, omwe amasungidwabe ndi chitsimikizo.
Nthawi zina, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa masilindala "osakhala a mbadwa", koma magawo angapo ayenera kuganiziridwa apa:
● Kuthamanga kwa ntchito - kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi ya silinda yakale;
● Kuyika miyeso ndi miyeso yonse ya silinda;
● Malo ndi mtundu wa zopangira - ziyenera kukhala pamalo omwewo pomwe zidazo zinali pa silinda yakale, ndipo zikhale ndi miyeso yolumikizira yofanana.
Malo a cwlinder ndi mbali zina za makina a cabtipping ndi 'kukweza gudumu lopuma
Silinda yokhala ndi mphamvu yosiyana yogwirira ntchito siyingagwire bwino ntchito - mwina pang'onopang'ono, kapena siyitha kupereka kukweza bwino ndikutsitsa kabati.Ngati silinda yatsopanoyo ili ndi zotengera zamitundu ina, ndiye kuti nsonga za mapaipi ziyeneranso kusinthidwa.Ndipo sikungatheke kukhazikitsa silinda yamitundu ina popanda kusintha zomangira pa kabati kapena chimango, kotero chipangizo chatsopanocho chiyenera kukhala chofanana ndi chakale.
Kusintha kwa silinda ya MOK kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi zofunikira za bukhu lokonzekera ndikukonza galimotoyi.Mosasamala kanthu za dongosolo la ntchito, choyamba ndikofunikira kukweza kanyumba ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwake, kukhazikika kwake kodalirika mothandizidwa ndi zida zoyenera, komanso kukhetsa madzi ogwirira ntchito kudongosolo.Mukayika silinda yatsopano, muyenera kuthira mafuta mu thanki ndikupopera dongosolo (kutsitsa ndikukweza kangapo).Kuonjezera apo, pangakhale kofunikira kusintha phokoso (ngati izi zimaperekedwa ndi mapangidwe a hydraulic cylinder) - ziyeneranso kuchitidwa motsatira malangizo ndikuganizira kulemera ndi makhalidwe a cab.
Kuti awonjezere moyo wautumiki wa MOK hydraulic cylinder ndi makina onse, kukonza nthawi zonse kuyenera kuchitidwa.Nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana momwe silinda imadumphira kudzera pazisindikizo zamafuta, zopangira ndi mbali zina, komanso zopindika ndi zowonongeka.Muyeneranso kuyang'anira mlingo wa madzimadzi ogwira ntchito, ngati kuli kofunikira, onjezerani.
Ndi kusankha kolondola ndikusinthanso silinda, makina opangira ma cab adzagwira ntchito mwachangu komanso modalirika, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ndi chitetezo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-26-2023