ndi injini iliyonse yoyaka mkati, njira zazikulu ndi zothandizira zimayendetsedwa kuchokera ku crankshaft pogwiritsa ntchito pulley ndi lamba.Werengani za chomwe crankshaft pulley ndi, ndi mitundu yanji yomwe ilipo, momwe imagwirira ntchito ndikugwira ntchito, komanso kusintha ndi kukonza pulley m'nkhaniyi.
Cholinga ndi udindo wa crankshaft pulley
Injini iliyonse yoyaka mkati imakhala ndi machitidwe angapo omwe amafunikira gwero la mphamvu zamakina kuti agwire ntchito.Makina oterowo amaphatikiza njira yogawa gasi, makina opangira mafuta ndi kuziziritsa, makina oyatsira olumikizirana ndi breaker-distributor, makina operekera mafuta ndi ena.Gwero la mphamvu za machitidwe onsewa ndi crankshaft - ndizomwe zimatengedwa mbali ya torque yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ma shafts, mapampu, jenereta ndi mayunitsi ena.Nthawi yomweyo, ma drive angapo osiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini: lamba wanthawi kapena ma chain drive ndi ma drive amagetsi.Apa tingoganizira zoyendetsa lamba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo pulley ya crankshaft.
Crankshaft pulley ndi gawo la nthawi yoyendetsa lamba ndi njira zina zothandizira zama injini oyatsira mkati (onse a petulo ndi dizilo).Pulley ili pa chala (ndiko, kutsogolo) kwa crankshaft, imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa camshaft (kapena shafts), komanso mayunitsi angapo - mpope wamadzimadzi (pampu), jenereta, pompa chiwongolero champhamvu, chowotcha choziziritsa, chowongolera mpweya, chowongolera mpweya ndi zina.
Komanso, crankshaft pulley imatha kugwira ntchito ziwiri zothandizira:
- Kutsata kuthamanga kwa angular ndi malo a crankshaft pogwiritsa ntchito sensa yoyenera;
- Kuchepetsa kwa kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika injini ikayamba / kuyimitsa komanso kwakanthawi.
Ambiri, crankshaft pulley, ngakhale kuphweka kwake ndi kusawoneka, ndi mbali yofunika ya injini iliyonse yamakono.Masiku ano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zigawozi, ndipo zonse zimathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana.
Mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a ma crankshaft pulleys
Injini amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya crankshaft pulleys, yomwe imasiyana pamapangidwe ndi cholinga:
- Brook pulleys kwa V-lamba kufala;
- Ziphuphu za mano za lamba wa mano.
Brook pulleys ndi njira yachikale yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamainjini oyatsira mkati kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa.Kunja kwa pulley yotereyi kumakhala ndi mitsinje imodzi kapena yambiri ya V, yomwe imaphatikizapo lamba wa mawonekedwe oyenera (V-mawonekedwe kapena V-nthiti).Ma pulleys oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza V-lamba, momwe palibe chifukwa chokhalira kukhazikitsidwa kwa crankshaft ndi mayunitsi ogwirizana.Magiya otere amaphatikizapo kuyendetsa kwa mpope wamadzi, jenereta, compressor ya air conditioning, air compressor, fan ndi pampu yanthawi.
Pulleys ya mano ndi njira yamakono yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zapitazi.Ma pulleys oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magiya okhala ndi malamba anthawi, omwe amalowa m'malo oyendetsa nthawi.Mapule a mano a crankshaft ndi mayunitsi ndi lamba wanthawi yowalumikiza amatsimikizira malo ena a mayunitsi ogwirizana.Nthawi zambiri, pulley ya mano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa nthawi ndi mpope wamadzi, ndipo kuyendetsa kwa magawo otsalawo kumachitika ndi kufalitsa kwa lamba wa V.
Palinso ma pulleys ophatikizika, omwe ndi mawonekedwe a ma pulleys a mano ndi wedge (kapena V-ribbed).Ma pulleys oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa nthawi komanso magawo angapo othandizira injini.Pakhoza kukhala ma pulleys angapo (mpaka anayi) wedge / V-ribbed pamapangidwe awa.
Ma pulleys onsewa amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ndi mapangidwe:
- Chidutswa chimodzi / milled;
- kompositi yonyowa.
Pulleys amtundu woyamba ndi ziwalo zolimba zoponyedwa kapena zojambula kuchokera kuchitsulo chimodzi (chitsulo choponyedwa kapena chitsulo).Ma pulleys oterowo ndi osavuta komanso otsika mtengo, koma amatumiza ku mayunitsi kugwedezeka konse komwe kumachitika crankshaft ikazungulira.
Pulleys amtundu wachiwiri ndi ophatikizika, amakhala ndi kanyumba ndi mphete yolumikizidwa kudzera mu mphete ya rabara.Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mphete ya rabara, nsonga ndi korona zimadulidwa, kotero kuti kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika panthawi yozungulira crankshaft kumachepetsedwa.Ma pulleys oterowo ndi olemera, ovuta komanso okwera mtengo, koma izi zimalipira ndi kudalirika kwabwino komanso kulimba kwa lamba lonse.
Komanso, ma pulleys amagawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi mtundu wa kumangirira:
- Kumanga ndi bawuti yapakati ndi kiyi;
- Kumanga ndi mabawuti angapo (2-6).
M'mainjini amakono, crankshaft pulley, makamaka pankhani yoyendetsa lamba wanthawi, nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa bolt imodzi, ndipo imasungidwa kuti isatembenuke ndi kiyi.Ma pulleys othandizira amatha kumangirizidwa ndi mabawuti angapo, ndipo kuyikako kumachitika pachimake, chomwe mwina ndi kupitiliza kwa sprocket yoyendetsa nthawi, kapena kuponyedwa chala cha crankshaft, kapena ndi gawo lodziyimira pawokha lokhazikika pamakiyi. chala cha shaft.
Pa ma pulleys a injini zamakono, kuwonjezera pa mitsinje kapena mano pansi pa lamba, giya ya mphete imatha kupangidwa kuti igwire ntchito ya crankshaft position sensor (DPKV).Korona ndi chomwe chimatchedwa master disc ya crankshaft sensor, imatha kupangidwa pamodzi ndi pulley, kapena ikhoza kupangidwa ngati gawo losiyana ndi bolting.
Pulley iliyonse ya crankshaft imakhazikika pakupangidwa kuti ithetse kugwedezeka ndi kumenyedwa.Kuti achotse zitsulo zochulukirapo, madontho ang'onoang'ono amabowoleredwa mu pulley.
Nkhani zosintha ndi kukonza crankshaft pulley
Pulley ya crankshaft ndi gawo lodalirika komanso lolimba, koma pakapita nthawi, likhoza kuonongeka ndikulephera.Ngati kuvala kwa pulley ya mano kuzindikirika, komanso ngati ming'alu, kusweka, kuwonongeka ndi zina zowonongeka, pulley iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.Kuchotsa pulley kungafunikenso pokonza ntchito yokonza injini.
Njira yosinthira crankshaft pulley imatengera mtundu wa cholumikizira chake.Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuchotsa pulley pazitsulo - ingotsegulani ma bolts, ndikukonza crankshaft, kuti isatembenuke.Kugwetsa pulley yokhala ndi mano pa bolt imodzi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumawoneka motere:
1. Konzani galimotoyo poyimitsa zoyimitsa pansi pa mawilo, ngati injini ya petulo, chotsani cholumikizira kuchokera pamoto woyatsira (kuti choyambitsa chitembenuke, koma injini isayambike), ngati injini ya dizilo, chotsani cholumikizira ku valavu yoperekera mafuta pampopu ya jekeseni;
2.Chitani bolt ndi njira iliyonse yomwe ingathandize kung'amba zomangira pamalo osathyola;
3.Ikani kiyi yokhala ndi chogwirira chachitali pa bolt, iyenera kufika pansi, kapena kuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro;
4.Tembenuzani injini ndi choyambira - pamenepa, bolt iyenera kutembenuka.Ngati sichigwira ntchito nthawi yoyamba, ndiye kuti mutha kubwereza;
5. Tsegulani bawuti;
6.Pogwiritsa ntchito chokoka chapadera, chotsani pulley kuchokera chala cha crankshaft.
Dziwani kuti kupeza pulley m'magalimoto okhala ndi injini yayitali, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito dzenje loyang'anira, ndipo m'magalimoto okhala ndi injini yopingasa, gudumu lakumanja liyenera kuchotsedwa.
Mukathyola bawuti, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa - chimayikidwa ndi khama lalikulu, kotero kuti chiopsezo cha kusweka kwake ndichokwera kwambiri.Ndikofunikira kuchotsa pulley ku crankshaft pogwiritsa ntchito chokoka chapadera, ngakhale mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba losavuta lokwera, koma pankhaniyi muyenera kusamala.Ma pulleys ena amakhala ndi mabowo apadera omwe mumatha kumangirira ma bolts ndikuchotsa pulley.Komabe, pamenepa, pepala lachitsulo liyenera kuikidwa pansi pazitsulo zowonongeka, chifukwa bolt imatha kukankhira kutsogolo kwa khoma la injini kapena mbali zina zomwe zili pansi pake.
Kuyika kwa crankshaft pulley kumachitika motsatira dongosolo.Komabe, pakhoza kukhala zovuta, chifukwa pulley imayikidwa mwamphamvu pa chala cha crankshaft, chomwe chimafuna kuyesetsa kwambiri.Malo otsetsereka a pulley amatha kupakidwa ndi mafuta kuti athandizire kuyika kwake.
Ndi kusintha koyenera kwa crankshaft pulley, mayunitsi onse a injini azigwira ntchito bwino, kuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yonse yamagetsi ikugwira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2023