n kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto, mabasi ndi zida zina, pali zinthu zomwe zimalipira mphindi yokhazikika - ndodo za jet.Kulumikizana kwa ndodo ndi matabwa a milatho ndi chimango kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi zala - werengani za zigawozi, mitundu yawo ndi mapangidwe ake, komanso m'malo mwa zala m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi chala chochita ndodo ndi chiyani
Pini ya jet rod ndi gawo la kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto, mabasi, ma trailer ndi zida zina;gawo mu mawonekedwe a chala kapena chala ndi hinge mphira-zitsulo, amene ndi olamulira a hinge kugwirizana ndodo ndi chimango ndi mtengo wa mlatho.
M'magalimoto, mabasi ndi ma semi-trailer, kuyimitsidwa kodalira kwa mtundu wa kasupe ndi kasupe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe, ndi kapangidwe kosavuta komanso kudalirika kwakukulu, kumakhala ndi zovuta zina.Chimodzi mwa zovuta izi ndikufunika kubweza ma torque okhazikika komanso ma braking omwe amapezeka pamene galimoto ikuyenda.The zotakasika mphindi imachitika pamene mawilo a galimoto chitsulo chogwira ntchito atembenuza, mphindi iyi amakonda kupotoza chitsulo chogwira ntchito mbali ina, zomwe zimabweretsa mapindikidwe akasupe ndi maonekedwe a mphamvu osagwirizana mu mayunitsi kuyimitsidwa osiyanasiyana.The braking torque imachita chimodzimodzi, koma ili ndi mbali ina.Kulipira torque yokhazikika komanso yowongoka, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti ma axles kapena trolley imalumikizidwa ndi chimango popanda kutaya kusuntha magawo oyimitsidwa mu ndege yowongoka, zowonjezera zimayambitsidwa kuyimitsidwa - ndodo za jet.
Ndodo za jet zimayikidwa pazitsulo zazitsulo ndi mabatani pamafelemu mothandizidwa ndi mahinji omwe amapereka mphamvu yozungulira ndodo zogwirizana ndi matabwa ndi chimango pamene akusintha malo oyimitsidwa panthawi yogonjetsa zolakwika za msewu, pamene kunyamula liwiro ndi braking.Maziko a hinges ndi zigawo zapadera - zala za jet rods.
Chala cha reaction ndodo chimagwira ntchito zingapo:
● Kulumikizana kwamakina kwa ndodo ndi zigawo zoyimitsidwa ndi chimango chagalimoto;
● Imakhala ngati axis ya cholumikizira chozungulira, chokhudzana ndi momwe ndodo imazungulira;
● Mu ndodo zokhala ndi mphira zachitsulo-zitsulo - kugwedeza ndi kugwedezeka, kulepheretsa kusamutsidwa kuchoka ku kuyimitsidwa kupita ku chimango ndi mbali ina.
Pini ya ndodo yochitirapo kanthu ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuyimitsidwa, chifukwa chake ngati imavala, imapunduka kapena yosweka, iyenera kusinthidwa.Koma kuti mukonzekere molimba mtima, muyenera kudziwa zala zomwe zili, momwe zimapangidwira, zimasiyana bwanji, komanso momwe mungasankhire molondola.
Mitundu, mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a pini ya ndodo yochitira
Choyamba, zala za ndodo za jet zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu malinga ndi njira yokhazikitsira ndi kumangirira:
● Mpira wothandizira umodzi wothandizira;
● Zala ziwiri zothandizira.
Magawo amtundu woyamba ndi zala zokhazikika zomwe zimapangidwa ngati ndodo ya conical yokhala ndi mpira kumbali imodzi ndi ulusi kumbali inayo.Mbali yozungulira ya pini yotereyi imayikidwa mu ndodo, ndipo ndodo imalowa mu dzenje mu bulaketi la chimango kapena mtengo wa mlatho.Kuyika kwa chala mu ndodo kumachitika pakati pazitsulo ziwiri zachitsulo (breadcrumbs) ndi ziwalo zamkati zamkati momwe mpira wa chala umazungulira momasuka.Gawo la ndodo la pini limachokera ku ndodo kupyolera mu chisindikizo cha mafuta, chala chimakhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro cha bolt, oiler amayikidwa mu chivundikiro chomwecho kuti adzaze hinge ndi mafuta.Mu ndodo zina, kasupe wothandizira amakhala pakati pa pini ndi chivundikiro, zomwe zimatsimikizira malo oyenera a zigawozo.
Zikhomo zokhala ndi mpira zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:
● Chitsulo chokhazikika ("chopanda kanthu");
● Ndi hinge yachitsulo chophatikizika cha raba (RMS).
Mapangidwe a reaction ndodo ndi hinge yake
Mapangidwe a chala cha mtundu woyamba afotokozedwa pamwambapa, zala zamtundu wachiwiri zimakonzedwa mofananamo, komabe, mphira wachitsulo wa rabara uli mkati mwawo kuchokera kumbali ya kuyika mu ndodo, yomwe imapereka kutsekemera kwa mantha ndi kugwedezeka. kugwedezeka.RMS imapangidwa ngati mphete yopangidwa ndi mphira wandiweyani kapena polyurethane, yomwe imazungulira mkati mwa chala ndikuwonjezera.Kuphatikiza apo, RMS imatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi mphete yachitsulo.
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti masiku ano zala za jet rods "zokhala ndi zida ziwiri" zimaperekedwa - pamtima pazigawo zotere pali pini wamba, pagawo lozungulira pomwe pali hinge yachitsulo-rabara.Pambuyo povala mphete ya rabara (kapena polyurethane), chala chimachotsedwa, zotsalira za RMS zimachotsedwa, ndipo mu mawonekedwe awa gawolo limayikidwanso mu ndodo kupyolera muzitsulo.Chala chamtunduwu chikuwoneka chokongola kugula, koma mtundu wa zinthu zotere sukhala wokwera nthawi zonse, ndipo kuti muwatsitsimutse panthawi yake ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuyimitsidwa nthawi zonse ndipo musaphonye nthawi yomwe RMS yatha, ndi gawo lozungulira. chala sichinakhudzebe ndi barbell.Kuphatikiza apo, magawo owonjezera amafunikira kuti akhazikitsenso chala, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wokonza.
Komanso, zikhomo zothandizidwa ndi mpira zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri molingana ndi njira yokonzera mtedza kuchokera kumbali ya bulaketi ya mlatho kapena chimango:
● Kukonza ndi pini ya cotter;
● Kukonza ndi wolima.
Pini yolumikizira ndodo yokhala ndi hinge yachitsulo-rabala
Pachiyambi choyamba, mtedza wa korona umagwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe, utatha kumangiriza, umatsekedwa ndi pini ya cotter yomwe imadutsa mu dzenje lodutsa mu gawo la pini.Kachiwiri, mtedza umayikidwa ndi wolima (spring split washer), womwe umayikidwa pansi pa mtedza.Palibe bowo pa chala kwa wolima pambali pa ulusi.
Zikhomo zokhala ndi zingwe ziwiri ndi ndodo, m'chigawo chapakati chomwe chili ndi hinge yachitsulo.Chala choterocho chimakhala ndi mabowo odutsa mbali zonse ziwiri, kapena dzenje kumbali imodzi, ndi njira yakhungu kumbali inayo.Chala chimayikidwa mu ndodo, chokhazikika ndi mphete zosungira ndi zophimba, O-ring ikhoza kukhala pakati pa mphete yosungira ndi RMS.Ndodo za jet zimatha kukhala ndi chala chimodzi kapena ziwiri zothandizira nthawi imodzi, kumangirira zala zotere pa chimango kapena mtengo kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani apadera okhala ndi ndodo zolumikizira (zala) ndi mtedza.
Chala cha reaction ndodo ndi ziwiri zothandizira ndi mphira-zitsulo hingeD
Zikhomo za jet rods zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zapamwamba za carbon ndi carbon carbon steels za grade 45, 58 (55pp) ndi zofanana, komanso zitsulo zamtundu wa 45X ndi zofanana.Mbali yozungulira ya pini imazimitsidwa ndi mafunde othamanga kwambiri mpaka kuya kwa 4 mm, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuwonjezeka kwa kuuma (mpaka 56-62 HRC) ndi kuvala kukana kwa gawolo.Zigawo zamkati zazitsulo zazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zikhomo zokhazikika za mpira zimazimitsidwanso kuzinthu zofanana zowuma - izi zimatsimikizira kukana kwakukulu kuvala kwa hinge yonse.
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusintha pini ya ndodo zomwe zimachitikira
Zala za ndodo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zigawo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nazo nthawi zonse zimakhala zolemetsa kwambiri, zomwe zimatsogolera pang'onopang'ono kuvala, ndipo ndi nkhonya zamphamvu, chalacho chikhoza kupunduka kapena kuwonongedwa.Kufunika kolowa m'malo mwa zala kumasonyezedwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono mu mgwirizano wa mpira, komanso kuwonongeka kwa makina.Pazifukwa izi, chala chiyenera kusinthidwa, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe zigawo zokwerera - zoyika (zophwanyika) za zikhomo za mpira wamba, akasupe, zisindikizo.
Mitundu yokhayo ndi manambala amndandanda omwe wopanga galimotoyo kapena kuyimitsidwa ayenera kutengedwa kuti alowe m'malo.Komabe, nthawi zina, ndizotheka kusintha pini ya mpira wamba ndi pini yothandizira imodzi ya RMS ndikuchotsa kofananira kwa crackers ndi zigawo zina.Njira yabwino yothetsera kukonzanso ndi zida zonse zokonzekera, zomwe, kuwonjezera pa chala chokha, zimaphatikizirapo crackers, mphete za O ndi mphete zosungira, akasupe ndi zigawo zina.
Kusintha chala kuyenera kuchitika motsatira malangizo okonzekera galimoto inayake, basi kapena theka-kalavani.Kawirikawiri, ntchitoyo imatsikira pakugwetsa ndodo yonse, kuichotsa, kuiyeretsa, kuika pini yatsopano ndi kukwera ndodo yosonkhanitsidwa pa kuyimitsidwa.Monga lamulo, mtedza iwiri kapena inayi iyenera kumasulidwa kuti ichotse ndodo imodzi, ndipo ngati pali pini ya mpira wamba, pre-pinning ingafunike.Mavuto angabwere panthawi yochotsa ndodoyo, popeza mbalizo zimasanduka zowawa kapena kupanikizana chifukwa cha kupunduka, ndipo disassembly idzafuna khama lalikulu.Ndipo nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zokoka zapadera.
Rection ndodo yodzaza ndi zala
Rection ndodo yokhala ndi zikhomo ziwiri
Mukayika zikhomo zatsopano za mpira, ndikofunikira kudzaza ndodo ndi mafuta kudzera mumafuta, ndipo mitundu yamafuta omwe amalangizidwa ndi wopanga amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito (nthawi zambiri Litol-24, solidol ndi zofanana, ndi bwino kutsogozedwa ndi mankhwalawo. mapu a mafuta a galimoto).M'tsogolomu, mafuta atsopano amadzazidwanso ndi kukonza nyengo iliyonse.
Msonkhano wa ndodo ndi zikhomo umayikidwa mu kuyimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi kapena ina yokonza mtedza - pini ya cotter kapena wolima.Kugulidwa kwa zigawozi, ngati sizibwera ngati gawo la zida zokonzera, ziyenera kusamalidwa pasadakhale.
Kusankhidwa kolondola kwa pini ndi kusinthidwa kwake, komanso kukonza nthawi zonse zomangira za ndodo zomwe zimapangidwira ndi chimodzi mwa maziko a ntchito yodalirika komanso yotetezeka ya kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto, basi, theka-trailer ndi zipangizo zina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-11-2023