Chimodzi mwa zigawo zazikulu za chogawa choyatsira moto ndi mbale yoyambira, yomwe imayang'anira kugwira ntchito kwa chophwanya.Chilichonse chokhudza mbale zosweka, mitundu yawo yomwe ilipo ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso kusankha, kusintha ndi kusintha kwa zigawozi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi mbale yoyatsira moto ndi chiyani
Chowotcha chogawira mbale (mbale yosweka) ndi gawo la chowotcha-wogawira (wogawa);Chitsulo chachitsulo chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira gulu lolumikizana la wosweka kapena wogawa stator wa dongosolo loyatsira lopanda kulumikizana.
Mu carburetor ndi injini za jekeseni wa petulo, njira yoyatsira imamangidwa pamaziko a makina opangira makina - chophatikizira, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa wogawira.Chigawochi chimaphatikiza zida ziwiri: chophwanya chomwe chimapanga ma pulse afupiafupi apano, ndi wogawa omwe amaonetsetsa kuti ma pulse awa amaperekedwa munthawi yake kumasilinda a injini (amagwira ntchito zosinthira).Machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale ma pulses apamwamba kwambiri kwa ogawa:
● Mu njira yoyatsira kukhudzana - chophwanyika chomangidwa pa gulu lolumikizana, nthawi ndi nthawi chimatsegulidwa ndi kamera yozungulira;
● Mu dongosolo loyatsira lopanda contactless, sensa (Hall, inductive kapena optical) yomwe imapanga zizindikiro zowongolera zosinthira, zomwe, zimapanga ma pulse apamwamba kwambiri mu coil yoyatsira.
Machitidwe onsewa - onse ophwanya kukhudzana ndi chojambulira - amapezeka mwachindunji m'nyumba ya choyatsira moto, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina ozungulira.Pazochitika zonsezi, chithandizo cha machitidwewa ndi gawo lapadera - mbale yosweka (kapena mbale yogawira moto).Gawoli limagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuchita kwa wogawira onse, kulephera kwake nthawi zambiri kumasokoneza ntchito yamagetsi.Mbale yolakwika iyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa, koma kuti mukonzekere bwino, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mitundu yomwe ilipo ya mbale zosweka, kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Gulu lolumikizana ndi ophwanya
Mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mfundo ya kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mbale yoyatsira moto
Ma mbale osweka amagawidwa m'magulu awiri kutengera mtundu wa zoyatsira:
● Kwa wogawa;
● Kwa wogawa popanda kulumikizana.
Zigawo zimakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake pakupanga ndi ntchito.
Ma mbale ophwanyira makina oyatsira
Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma distributor breaker base plate system yolumikizirana:
● Mbale zopanda khola;
● Mbale zolumikizidwa ndi khola lokhalamo.
Mapangidwe a Distributor okhala ndi mbale zoyambira zosiyana ndi zolumikizirana
Chojambula chophweka ndi mbale za mtundu woyamba.Maziko a mapangidwewo ndi mbale yachitsulo yosindikizidwa ya mawonekedwe ovuta, pakatikati pomwe dzenje lozungulira limapangidwa ndi kolala kuti ligwirizane ndi kubereka.mbale ali ulusi ndi mabowo yosavuta kukwera kukhudzana gulu ndi maimidwe ndi anamva Mzere kwa mafuta ndi kuyeretsa kutsinde, komanso dzenje woboola pakati pa unsembe malo a kukhudzana gulu kusintha kusiyana pakati pa kulankhula kwake.Ma mbalewa amaperekedwa ndi chonyamulira chokwera pa kolala ndi waya wambiri wokhala ndi terminal ya mtundu umodzi kapena wina.Ma mbale osweka a mtundu uwu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ogawa anaika pa VAZ "Classic" magalimoto ndi ena, mu mayunitsi gawo ili amatchedwa "movable breaker mbale".
Mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri amakhala ndi mbale za ophwanya a mtundu wachiwiri.Mwadongosolo, gawo ili lili ndi zinthu ziwiri: mbale yophwanyira yosuntha ndi khola lonyamula.Mbale yosunthika ili ndi mapangidwe ofanana ndi omwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, pansi pake pali khola lokhala ndi khola - komanso gawo lachitsulo chosindikizira, kumbali yomwe miyendo imapangidwa ndi mabowo okwera m'nyumba zogawa.Chingwe chimakhala pakati pa mbale yosunthika ndi khola, gulu lolumikizana lomwe lili ndi waya ndi chingwe chomverera zimayikidwa pa mbale yosunthika, ndipo waya wambiri umalumikizidwa ku khola.
Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mbale imayikidwa pansi pa nyumba yopangira magetsi.Mbale popanda khola lonyamula limayikidwa mwachindunji m'nyumba, yomwe imakhala ngati khola.Mtundu wachiwiri wa mbale umakhazikika m'nyumba ndi zomangira zomangika mu khola lonyamula.Ma mbale osunthika amalumikizidwa ndi vacuum corrector pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, motero amasintha nthawi yoyatsira kutengera momwe injini ikugwirira ntchito.
Lumikizanani ndi mbale ya igition distributor
Ma distributor plates mu njira yoyatsira imagwira ntchito motere.Mbaleyo imatsimikizira malo olondola a gulu lolumikizana ndi gulu la ogawa shaft.Tsinde likazungulira, makamera ake amagunda cholumikizira chosunthika, ndikupereka kusokoneza kwakanthawi kochepa, chifukwa chomwe ma pulse okwera kwambiri amapangidwa mu koyilo yoyatsira, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wogawa kenako ku makandulo mu masilinda. .Mukasintha makina ogwiritsira ntchito injini, vacuum corrector imatembenuza mbale yosunthika pamtunda wina kapena ina, zomwe zimakwaniritsa kusintha kwa nthawi yoyatsira.Kuzungulira kosalala kwa mbale ndikusunga kukhazikika kokwanira kwa kapangidweko kumaperekedwa ndi kubereka.
Ma mbale a ogawa opanda ma ignition
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mbale zopanda contactless distributor:
● Ndi sensa ya Hall;
● Ndi sensa inductive;
● Ndi sensa ya kuwala.
Nthawi zonse, maziko a gawolo ndi mbale yachitsulo yosindikizidwa yomwe sensor kapena chipangizo china chimayikidwa.mbale ndi wokwera kudzera mu mayendedwe mu distributor nyumba ndi olumikizidwa kwa zingalowe corrector ndi ndodo, ndi kondakitala zilinso pa mbale kufalitsa kwaiye ulamuliro chizindikiro kwa lophimba.
Contactless mtundu igition distributor mbale
Kutengera mtundu wa distribuerar, magawo osiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala pa mbale:
● Sensa ya Hall - chipangizo chokhala ndi Hall chip, momwe groove imapangidwira kwa rotor yolumikizidwa ndi shaft yogawa;
● Chophimba chozungulira chozungulira chimakhala chozungulira chomwe chili maziko a sensa yamtundu wa inductive, maginito ogwirizanitsidwa ndi rotor wogawa amakhala ngati rotor mu sensa yotere;
● Sensor optical ndi chipangizo chokhala ndi LED ndi photodiode (kapena photoresistor), zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi groove kwa rotor ndi zodulidwa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi shaft yogawa.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi masensa-ogawa omangidwa pamaziko a sensa ya Hall - angapezeke pa magalimoto a VAZ ndi magalimoto ambiri.Sensa inductive ntchito kwambiri kawirikawiri, ogawa angapezeke pa galimoto GAZ-24 ndi ena kenako Volga, munthu UAZ zitsanzo ndi ena.Optical sensors-ogawa pamagalimoto apanyumba sagwiritsidwa ntchito, amatha kuwoneka pamagalimoto ena opangidwa ndikunja okhala ndi injini za carburetor.
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusintha mbale yoyatsira moto
Pa ntchito yogawa, mbale yosweka imayikidwa pamakina ndi matenthedwe katundu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono azivala mbali zake (makamaka gulu lolumikizana), kupunduka ndi kuwonongeka.Zonsezi zimawonetseredwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo loyatsira, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwachangu pa nthawi yoyatsira kapena kulephera kuisintha, maonekedwe a zosokoneza pakugwira ntchito kwa ma silinda, kuwonongeka kwa chiyambi, ndi zina zotero.
Kuti mulowe m'malo, muyenera kutenga mbale yophwanyira yokha ya mtundu (nambala ya kalozera) yomwe idayikidwa kale mu ogawa kale, kapena akulimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga ogawa.Kuti muyike mbale yatsopano, m'pofunika kuthyola ndi kugawaniza wogawa (popeza gawo ili lili pansi pa unit, muyenera kuchotsa wogawa ndi wolamulira kuti apeze izo) - izi ziyenera kuchitika motsatira malangizo. pokonza injini kapena galimoto inayake.Mbale yatsopanoyo iyenera kugwera m'malo mwake popanda kuyesetsa kulikonse ndikuzungulira momasuka mumayendedwe.Pakuyika, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakulumikiza mbale ndi vacuum corrector komanso ndi ma terminals onse amagetsi.
Kusintha kwa gulu lolumikizana ndi ogawa
Panthawi yogwira ntchito yogawa, mavuto angawoneke omwe sakugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha mbale, koma chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kusiyana pakati pa okhudzana ndi wosweka.Kuthetsa vutoli, muyenera pang'ono disassemble distribuerar pochotsa chivundikirocho, ndi kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa kulankhula - ayenera kugona mkati mwa malire amene Mlengi wa distribuerar.Ngati kusiyana kumasiyana ndi kuikidwa, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kumasula wononga wononga kulumikiza gulu ku mbale ndi kusintha kusiyana, ndiyeno kumangitsa wononga.Zingakhalenso zofunikira kuyeretsa zolumikizana ndi mwaye ndi sandpaper.
Ndi kusankha koyenera ndikusintha mbale ya breaker-distributor kapena sensa yogawa, makina oyatsira adzagwira ntchito molimba mtima komanso modalirika mumayendedwe onse a injini.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-10-2023