Gulu lamagetsi ndi imodzi mwa machitidwe ofunikira kwambiri a galimoto yamakono, imagwira ntchito mazana ambiri ndipo imapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikhale yotheka.Malo apakati mu dongosololi amakhala ndi chipika chokwera - werengani za zigawo izi za magalimoto a VAZ, mitundu yawo, mapangidwe, kukonza ndi kukonza m'nkhaniyi.
Cholinga ndi magwiridwe antchito a midadada yokwera
M'galimoto iliyonse, pali zida zingapo zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zomwe zili ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana - izi ndi zida zowunikira, ma wipers a windshield ndi makina ochapira, ma ECU a mayunitsi amagetsi ndi zigawo zina, alamu ndi zipangizo zowonetsera, ndi zina.Ma relay ambiri ndi ma fuse amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyatsa / kuzimitsa ndikuteteza zida izi.Kuti zikhale zosavuta kukhazikitsa, kukonza ndi kukonza, magawowa ali mu gawo limodzi - chipika chokwera (MB).Yankho ili likupezekanso mumitundu yonse ya Volga Automobile Plant.
Chotchinga cha VAZ chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ndi kuteteza zida zomwe zimapanga ma netiweki amagetsi agalimoto.Chida ichi chimagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika:
- Kusintha kwa mabwalo amagetsi - apa ndipamene amayatsidwa ndi kuzimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma relay;
- Kutetezedwa kwa mabwalo / zida kuzinthu zochulukira komanso zozungulira zazifupi - ma fuse omwe amalepheretsa kulephera kwa zida zamagetsi ndi omwe amachititsa izi;
- Kuteteza zinthu kuzinthu zoyipa - dothi, kutentha kwambiri, kulowetsa madzi, mpweya wotulutsa, madzi aukadaulo, ndi zina zambiri;
- Thandizo pozindikira makina amagetsi agalimoto.
Mayunitsiwa amawongolera magetsi agalimoto, koma amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta.
Mapangidwe a VAZ okwera midadada - mawonekedwe wamba
Ma midadada onse okwera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ya Volga Automobile Plant ali ndi mapangidwe ofanana, ali ndi magawo awa:
- board board yomwe imanyamula zigawo zonse za unit;
- Relays - zida zoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa zida zamagetsi ndi zida;
- Ma fuse omwe amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa zida ndi zida chifukwa cha mabwalo amfupi, kutsika kwamagetsi, ndi zina;
- Zolumikizira zamagetsi zophatikizira gawo mumagetsi agalimoto;
- Gulu la unit.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ziyenera kunenedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya matabwa:
- Fiberglass yokhala ndi zida zosindikizidwa (pamitundu yoyambirira);
- Pulasitiki yokhala ndi zida mwachangu pamapadi apadera (mitundu yamakono).
Kawirikawiri, matabwa amapangidwa ponseponse, bolodi limodzi likhoza kuphatikizidwa muzitsulo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zosinthidwa.Chifukwa chake, pakhoza kukhala zolumikizira zamagetsi zosagwirizana ndi ma relay ndi ma fuse mu gawo lomwe lasonkhanitsidwa pa bolodi.
Palinso mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya ma relay:
- Ma relay ochiritsira amagetsi osinthira mabwalo amagetsi - amatseka chigawocho ndi chizindikiritso chochokera ku zowongolera, masensa osiyanasiyana, ndi zina zambiri;
- Ma relay ndi ma timer kuti muyatse ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana, makamaka ma siginecha, ma wiper akutsogolo ndi zina.
Ma relay onse, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wawo, amayikidwa ndi zolumikizira zapadera, amasintha mwachangu, kotero amatha kusinthidwa kwenikweni mumasekondi.
Pomaliza, palinso mitundu iwiri ya fuse:
- Ma cylindrical ceramic kapena ma fuse apulasitiki okhala ndi fuse, oyikidwa muzolumikizira zokhala ndi masika.Zigawo zoterezi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo oyambirira a magalimoto a VAZ-2104 - 2109;
- Ma fuse okhala ndi zolumikizana zamtundu wa mpeni.Ma fuse oterowo ndi ofulumira kuyikapo ndipo ndi otetezeka kuposa ma fusesi a cylindrical wamba (popeza chiwopsezo chokhudza zolumikizirana ndi kuyika kwa fusesi kumachepetsedwa mukalowa m'malo mwa fusesi).Uwu ndi mtundu wamakono wa fuse womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yonse yamakono ya midadada yokwera.
Matupi a midadada amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, ayenera kukhala ndi chivundikiro chokhala ndi zingwe kapena zomangira zokha ndi zinthu zomangirira pagalimoto.Mumitundu ina yazinthu, ma tweezers apulasitiki amapezekanso kuti alowe m'malo mwa fuse, amasungidwa mkati mwa unit ndikutetezedwa kuti asatayike.Pakunja kwa midadada, zolumikizira zonse zamagetsi zofunikira kuti zilumikizidwe ndi mabwalo amagetsi zimapangidwa.
Zitsanzo ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Magawo Oyika Pano
Tisaiwale nthawi yomweyo kuti mu galimoto VAZ chipika chimodzi mounting chipika choyamba anaika pa chitsanzo 2104, pamaso midadada osiyana ankagwiritsidwa ntchito fusesi ndi unsembe relay.Pakadali pano, pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu ndi kusinthidwa kwa zigawo izi:
- 152.3722 - Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu 2105 ndi 2107
- 15.3722 / 154.3722 - yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 2104, 2105 ndi 2107;
- 17.3722 / 173.3722 - yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 2108, 2109 ndi 21099;
- 2105-3722010-02 ndi 2105-3722010-08 - zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 21054 ndi 21074;
- 2110 - yogwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu 2110, 2111 ndi 2112
- 2114-3722010-60 - Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 2108, 2109, ndi 2115
- 2114-3722010-40 - Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 2113, 2114 ndi 2115
- 2170 - amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 170 ndi 21703 (Lada Priora);
- 21723 "Lux" (kapena DELRHI 15493150) - ntchito chitsanzo 21723 (Lada Priora hatchback);
- 11183 - Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu 11173, 11183 ndi 11193
- 2123 - Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2123
- 367.3722 / 36.3722 - yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 2108, 2115;
- 53.3722 - yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zitsanzo 1118, 2170 ndi 2190 (Lada Granta).
Mutha kupeza midadada ena ambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osinthidwa amitundu ina.
M'mitundu yamakono ya Lada yokhala ndi ma air conditioners, pakhoza kukhala midadada yowonjezera yokhala ndi ma relay angapo ndi ma fuse a ma air conditioners.
Mayunitsi ochokera kwa opanga awiri akuluakulu amaperekedwa kwa ma conveyors a VAZ ndi kumsika: AVAR (Avtoelectroarmatura OJSC, Pskov, Russia) ndi TOCHMASH-AUTO LLC (Vladimir, Russia).
Kuwona wamba pakukonza ndikuchotsa kuwonongeka kwa mayunitsi
Zoyikira zokha sizimakonza, koma iyi ndiye gawo loyamba loyang'aniridwa ngati cholakwika chilichonse pamagalimoto agalimoto chikachitika.Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi zambiri kuwonongeka kumayenderana ndi relay kapena fuse, kapena kutaya kukhudzana ndi cholumikizira, kotero ndizotheka kuthetsa vutoli poyang'ana gawolo.
Sizovuta kupeza chipika chokwera mu VAZ cha mabanja osiyanasiyana, chikhoza kukhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana:
- Chipinda cha injini (mu zitsanzo 2104, 2105 ndi 2107);
- Mkati, pansi pa dashboard (mu zitsanzo 2110 - 2112, komanso zitsanzo zamakono za Lada);
- Niche pakati pa chipinda cha injini ndi galasi lamoto (mumitundu 2108, 2109, 21099, 2113 - 2115).
Kuti mupeze zigawo za unit, muyenera kuchotsa chivundikiro chake ndikuchita diagnostics.Njira yothetsera mavuto ikufotokozedwa m'buku lothandizira, kukonza ndi kukonza galimoto.
Mukamagula zida zatsopano kapena mayunitsi athunthu, muyenera kuganizira za mtundu wawo komanso kuyanjana ndi mitundu ina yamagalimoto.Kawirikawiri, mitundu ingapo ya midadada ndi yoyenera kwa chitsanzo cha galimoto imodzi, kotero kwa magalimoto ena, chisankhocho chikhoza kuthetsedwa mwamsanga komanso pamtengo wotsika.Ndi ma relay ndi ma fuse, zinthu zimakhala zosavuta, popeza ndizokhazikika komanso zosunthika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-18-2023