Ma hydraulic shock absorbers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto a KAMAZ, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati ma dampers.Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane malo ochititsa mantha mu kuyimitsidwa, mitundu ndi zitsanzo zazitsulo zowonongeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kukonza ndi kukonza zigawozi.
Zambiri zokhudza kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto a KAMAZ
Kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto a KAMAZ kumamangidwa molingana ndi ziwembu zakale, zomwe zakhala zikutsimikizira kudalirika kwawo kwazaka zambiri, ndipo zidakali zofunikira.Zoyimitsidwa zonse zimatengera, kuphatikiza zinthu zotanuka ndi zonyowa, mitundu ina imakhalanso ndi zokhazikika.Akasupe a masamba aatali (nthawi zambiri semi-elliptical) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zotanuka poyimitsidwa, zomwe zimayikidwa pa chimango ndi mtengo wa chitsulo (pakuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwamitundu iwiri ya ma axle) kapena pamitengo ya chitsulo. ekseli ndi ma axle a olinganiza (pakuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwa ma axle atatu).
Ma hydraulic shock absorbers amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyimitsa magalimoto a KAMAZ.Zigawozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zotsatirazi:
- Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwamitundu yonse yamagalimoto a Kama popanda kupatula;
- Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwamitundu ina yamagalimoto amodzi ndi mathirakitala oyenda nthawi yayitali.
Kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto a ma axle awiri okha, omwe mu mzere wa KAMAZ mulibe zambiri.Pakali pano, kuyimitsidwa kotereku kuli ndi magalimoto amtundu wa KAMAZ-4308, mathirakitala a KAMAZ-5460 ndi mathirakitala atsopano a KAMAZ-5490.
Zotsekemera zotsekemera mu kuyimitsidwa zimakhala ngati chigawo chonyowa, zimalepheretsa galimoto kuti isagwedezeke pa akasupe pamene ikugonjetsa zovuta zamsewu, komanso imatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kugwedeza ndi kugwedeza.Zonsezi zimawonjezera chitonthozo pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, komanso kuwongolera kachitidwe kake, motero, chitetezo.Chotsitsa chododometsa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kuyimitsidwa, choncho pakagwa vuto, liyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.Ndipo kuti mukonze mwamsanga komanso popanda mtengo wowonjezera, muyenera kudziwa za mitundu ndi zitsanzo zazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalimoto a KAMAZ.
Mitundu ndi zitsanzo za kuyimitsidwa kwamanjenje KAMAZ
Mpaka pano, Kama Automobile Plant imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yayikulu yazomwe zimasokoneza mantha:
- Zodzikongoletsera zokhala ndi kutalika kwa 450 mm ndi pisitoni 230 mm kwa kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mathirakitala a KAMAZ-5460;
- Universal shock absorbers ndi kutalika kwa 460 mm ndi pisitoni sitiroko 275 mm ntchito kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa magalimoto ambiri flatbed, mathirakitala ndi magalimoto otaya (KAMAZ-5320, 53212, 5410, 54112, 5511, 55111 ndi ena), ndipo zoziziritsa kukhosi izi zimayikidwanso kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto awiri a KAMAZ-4308 a flatbed;
- Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa magalimoto amtundu wa KAMAZ-43118 ndi mamilimita 475 ndi pisitoni 300 mm kutalika kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.Izi zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zili ndi "rod-rod" phiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimitsa mabasi a NefAZ;
- Zodzikongoletsera zokhala ndi kutalika kwa 485 mm ndi pisitoni ya 300 mm zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma trailer amtundu wa KAMAZ, komanso kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa magalimoto ena ankhondo (KAMAZ-4310);
- Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa magalimoto otayira atsopano a KAMAZ-65112 ndi 6520 mamilimita 500 okhala ndi pisitoni ya 325 mm.
Zonsezi zosokoneza ndi zachikhalidwe za hydraulic, zopangidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la mapaipi awiri.Zambiri zochititsa mantha zimakhala ndi phiri loyang'ana maso, koma zigawo za mabasi a NefAZ zimakhala ndi ndodo-to-stem mount.Zodzikongoletsera zamtundu wamakono zamagalimoto otayira kuchokera ku BAAZ zili ndi thumba lapulasitiki lalitali, lomwe limateteza bwino madzi ndi dothi.
Magalimoto onse a KAMAZ ali ndi zida zodziwikiratu zopangidwa ndi Belarus.Zogulitsa kuchokera kwa opanga awiri zimaperekedwa kwa ma conveyors:
- BAAZ (Baranovichi Automobile Aggregate Plant) - mzinda wa Baranovichi;
- GZAA (Grodno Plant of Automobile Units) - mzinda wa Grodno.
BAAZ ndi GZAA amapereka mitundu yonseyi yazitsulo zowonongeka, ndipo mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ku msika wambirimbiri, kotero kuti m'malo mwake (komanso kukonza kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto) akhoza kuchitidwa panthawi yochepa komanso popanda mtengo wowonjezera. .
Komanso, zowononga zowononga magalimoto a KAMAZ zimaperekedwa ndi wopanga Chiyukireniya FLP ODUD (Melitopol) pansi pa mtundu wa OSV, komanso Russian NPO ROSTAR (Naberezhnye Chelny) ndi kampani ya ku Belarus FENOX (Minsk).Izi zimakulitsa kwambiri kusankha kwa zosokoneza ndikutsegula njira yochepetsera ndalama.
Nkhani zokonza ndi kukonza ma shock absorbers
Zitsanzo zamakono za hydraulic shock absorbers sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera.M'pofunikanso kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa mphira wa rabara womwe umayikidwa m'maso otsekemera - ngati tchire ndi lopunduka kapena losweka, liyenera kusinthidwa.
Ngati chotsitsa chododometsa chatha gwero lake kapena chili ndi vuto lalikulu (kutuluka kwamafuta, mapindikidwe a thupi kapena ndodo, kuwonongeka kwa zomangira, etc.), ndiye kuti gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa.Nthawi zambiri, zotsekemera zimamangiriridwa ndi zala ziwiri zokha (maboliti) pamwamba ndi pansi, kotero kuti m'malo mwa gawoli amachepetsedwa pokhapokha kumasula mabawuti awa.Ntchitoyi ndiyosavuta kuchita pa dzenje loyang'anira, chifukwa pakadali pano palibe chifukwa chochotsera mawilo.
Ndi kusintha kwanthawi yake kwa chotsitsa chododometsa, kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto kudzapereka chitonthozo chofunikira komanso chitetezo chagalimoto mumikhalidwe yonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2023