Maziko a dongosolo pneumatic wa magalimoto MAZ ndi unit jekeseni mpweya - kompresa reciprocating.Werengani za MAZ air compressors, mitundu yawo, mawonekedwe, mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito, komanso kukonza bwino, kusankha ndi kugula kwa unityi m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi compressor ya MAZ ndi chiyani?
Compressor ya MAZ ndi gawo la dongosolo lama brake la magalimoto a Minsk Automobile Plant okhala ndi makina oyendetsa pneumatic;makina opondereza mpweya wochokera kumlengalenga ndikuupereka ku mayunitsi a mpweya wa mpweya.
Compressor ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za dongosolo pneumatic, ali ndi ntchito zazikulu zitatu:
• Kutenga mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga;
• Kuponderezedwa kwa mpweya ku mphamvu yofunikira (0.6-1.2 MPa, malingana ndi momwe ntchito ikugwirira ntchito);
• Kupereka mpweya wofunikira ku dongosolo.
Compressor imayikidwa polowera ku dongosolo, kupereka mpweya woponderezedwa mu voliyumu yokwanira kugwira ntchito kwa zigawo zonse za brake system ndi ogula ena.Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kapena kulephera kwa gawoli kumachepetsa mphamvu ya mabuleki ndikusokoneza kuyendetsa galimoto.Chifukwa chake, kompresa yolakwika iyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa posachedwa, ndipo kuti mupange chisankho choyenera, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Mitundu, mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a MAZ compressor
Magalimoto a MAZ amagwiritsa ntchito pisitoni ya air compressor yokhala ndi silinda imodzi ndi ziwiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa mayunitsi kumadalira mtundu wa injini yomwe idayikidwa pagalimoto, mitundu iwiri yoyambira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
- 130-3509 magalimoto ndi YaMZ-236 ndi YaMZ-238 mphamvu zomera zosintha zosiyanasiyana, MMZ D260 ndi ena, komanso ndi zomera latsopano mphamvu YaMZ "Euro-3" ndi apamwamba (YaMZ-6562.10 ndi ena);
- 18.3509015-10 ndi zosintha zamagalimoto okhala ndi magetsi a TMZ 8481.10 osintha osiyanasiyana.
Chitsanzo choyambirira 130-3409 ndi 2-cylinder compressor, pamaziko omwe mzere wonse wa mayunitsi wapangidwa, magawo awo akuluakulu amaperekedwa patebulo:
| Compressor model | Kupanga, l/min | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kW | Mtundu wa actuator |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-3509012 | 210 | 2,17 | V-lamba kuyendetsa, pulley 172 mm |
| 161-3509012 | 210 | 2, 0 | |
| 161-3509012-20 | 275 | 2,45 | |
| 540-3509015,540-3509015 B1 | 210 | 2,17 | |
| 5336-3509012 | 210 |
Mayunitsiwa amapereka mawonekedwewa pa liwiro lodziwika bwino la shaft 2000 rpm ndikusunga mpaka pafupipafupi 2500 rpm.Compressors 5336-3509012, yopangidwira injini zamakono, imagwira ntchito pamtunda wa 2800 ndi 3200 rpm, motero.
Ma compressor amayikidwa pa injini, ndikulumikizana ndi kuziziritsa kwake ndi makina opaka mafuta.Mutu wa unit ndi madzi utakhazikika, ma cylinders ndi mpweya utakhazikika chifukwa cha zipsepse zotukuka.Kupaka mafuta kumaphatikizidwa (mbali zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa pansi pa kupanikizika ndi kutsitsi mafuta).Kusiyana pakati pa kusinthidwa kwa ma compressor oyambira 130-3409 ndi malo osiyana a mapaipi olowera ndi kutulutsa a dongosolo lozizirira komanso lopaka mafuta, komanso kapangidwe ka mavavu.
Unit 18.3509015-10 - silinda imodzi, yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 373 l / min pa liwiro la kutsinde la 2000 rpm (pazipita - 2700 rpm, pazipita pakutsika kotsika - 3000 rpm).Compressor imayikidwa pa injini, imayendetsedwa ndi magiya a makina ogawa gasi, olumikizidwa ndi makina oziziritsa komanso opaka mafuta agalimoto.Kuziziritsa mutu ndi madzi, kuzizira kwa silinda ndi mpweya, mafuta odzola amaphatikizidwa.
Gulu lina lili ndi ma compressor 5340.3509010-20 / LK3881 (silinda imodzi) ndi 536.3509010 / LP4870 (ma cylinder awiri) - mayunitsiwa ali ndi mphamvu ya 270 l / min (zosankha zonse ziwiri) ndi kuyendetsa kuchokera ku magiya anthawi.
Ma compressor amitundu yonse amaperekedwa m'masinthidwe osiyanasiyana - opanda ma pulleys, ndi kutsitsa (ndi makina owongolera, "msilikali") komanso popanda, ndi zina.
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za MAZ compressors
Ma compressor a MAZ amitundu yonse ali ndi chipangizo chosavuta.Maziko a unit ndi yamphamvu chipika, kumtunda kumene zonenepa zili, ndipo m'munsi pali crankshaft ndi mayendedwe ake.The crankcase ya unit imatsekedwa ndi zofunda zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo, mutu umayikidwa pa block kudzera pa gasket (ma gaskets).Mu ma cylinders pali pistoni pazitsulo zolumikizira, kuyika kwa zigawozi kumachitika kudzera muzitsulo.Pulley kapena giya yoyendetsa imayikidwa chala cha crankshaft, pulley / giya imakhala yokwera, yokhazikika motsutsana ndi kusamuka kwautali ndi nati.
Chotchinga ndi crankshaft zili ndi ngalande zamafuta zomwe zimapereka mafuta kumalo opaka.Mafuta opanikizidwa amayenda kudzera mu ngalande za crankshaft kupita ku magazini olumikizira ndodo, komwe amapaka mawonekedwe a ma liner ndi ndodo yolumikizira.Komanso, kukanikiza pang'ono kochokera ku ndodo zolumikizira kudzera pa ndodo yolumikizira kumalowetsa piston.Kupitilira apo, mafutawo amakhetsa ndikuphwanyidwa ndi magawo ozungulira kukhala madontho ang'onoang'ono - chifunga chamafuta chomwe chimabwera chimatulutsa makoma a silinda ndi mbali zina.
Pamutu wa chipika pali ma valve - kudya, komwe mpweya wochokera mumlengalenga umalowa mu silinda, ndikutulutsa, kudzera momwe mpweya woponderezedwa umaperekedwa kumagulu otsatirawa.Ma valve ndi oboola pakati, amasungidwa pamalo otsekedwa mothandizidwa ndi akasupe ophimbidwa.Pakati pa ma valve pali chipangizo chotsitsa, chomwe, pamene kupanikizika kwa compressor kumatuluka mopitirira muyeso, kumatsegula ma valve onse, kulola kuti mpweya upite pakati pawo kudzera mumtsinje wotuluka.
Mapangidwe a awiri yamphamvu kompresa MAZ
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya air compressor ndi yosavuta.Injini ikayamba, tsinde la unit limayamba kusinthasintha, ndikupangitsa kuti ma pistoni azisuntha mobwerezabwereza kudzera mu ndodo zolumikizira.Pamene pisitoni imatsitsidwa ndi mphamvu ya mumlengalenga, valavu yolowetsa imatsegulidwa, ndipo mpweya wochokera, mutadutsa fyuluta kuchotsa zonyansa, umadzaza cylinder.Pamene pisitoni imakwezedwa, valavu yowonjezera imatseka, panthawi imodzimodziyo valavu yotulutsa imatsekedwa - kupanikizika mkati mwa silinda kumawonjezeka.Kupanikizika kwina kukafika, valavu yotulutsa imatsegulidwa ndipo mpweya umayenda kudzera mu dongosolo la pneumatic.Ngati kupanikizika m'dongosolo kuli kwakukulu, ndiye kuti chipangizo chotulutsa chimalowa m'thupi, ma valve onse amatsegulidwa, ndi ma compressor idles.
Mu mayunitsi awiri a silinda, masilindala amagwira ntchito mu antiphase: pisitoni imodzi ikatsika pansi ndipo mpweya ukalowetsedwa mu silinda, pisitoni yachiwiri imayenda mmwamba ndikukankhira mpweya woponderezedwa mu dongosolo.
Nkhani zokonza, kukonza, kusankha ndikusintha ma compressor a MAZ
Air compressor ndi gawo losavuta komanso lodalirika lomwe lingagwire ntchito kwa zaka zambiri.Komabe, kuti mukwaniritse izi, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muzikonza zomwe mwalemba.Makamaka, kugwedezeka kwa lamba woyendetsa wa ma cylinder compressor awiri kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa tsiku lililonse (kupatuka kwa lamba sikuyenera kupitilira 5-8 mm pamene mphamvu ya 3 kg ikugwiritsidwa ntchito), ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kusintha kuyenera kuchitika. kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito tensioner bolt.
Pafupifupi makilomita 10-12,000 aliwonse othamanga, muyenera kuyang'ana chisindikizo cha njira yoperekera mafuta pachivundikiro chakumbuyo cha unit.Pafupifupi makilomita 40-50,000 othamanga, mutu uyenera kuchotsedwa, uyenera kutsukidwa, ma pistoni, ma valve, ma channel, ma hoses operekera ndi kutuluka, ndi zina.Kudalirika ndi kukhulupirika kwa mavavu amafufuzidwa nthawi yomweyo, ngati kuli kofunikira, amasinthidwa (ndi lapping).Komanso, chipangizo chotsitsa chimayang'aniridwa.Ntchito zonse ziyenera kuchitika motsatira malangizo a kukonza ndi kukonza galimoto.
Ngati munthu mbali ya kompresa yopuma, iwo akhoza m`malo, nthawi zina m`pofunika kusintha kwathunthu kompresa (mapindikidwe ndi ming`alu pamutu ndi chipika, kuvala ambiri a masilindala ndi malfunctions ena).Posankha kompresa watsopano, m'pofunika kuganizira chitsanzo ndi kusinthidwa kwa unit yakale, komanso chitsanzo cha mphamvu unit.Ambiri, mayunitsi onse zochokera 130-3509 ndi interchangeable ndipo akhoza ntchito iliyonse YaMZ-236, 238 injini ndi zosintha awo ambiri.Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ena a iwo ali ndi mphamvu ya 210 l / mphindi, ndipo ena amatha 270 l / min, ndi ma compressor atsopano a chitsanzo 5336-3509012 a zosintha zosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito mofulumira kwambiri. .Ngati injini anali ndi kompresa mphamvu 270 l / mphindi, unit latsopano ayenera kukhala chimodzimodzi, apo ayi dongosolo basi sadzakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira ntchito yachibadwa.
Single-cylinder Compressors 18.3509015-10 amaperekedwa muzosintha zochepa, ndipo sizinthu zonse zomwe zimasinthidwa.Mwachitsanzo, kompresa 18.3509015 lakonzedwa kuti injini KAMAZ 740 ndipo si oyenera injini YaMZ.Pofuna kupewa zolakwika, ndikofunikira kutchula mayina athunthu a compressor musanagule.
Payokha, ndi bwino kutchula ma compressor aku Germany KNORR-BREMSE, omwe ndi ofanana ndi mayunitsi omwe ali pamwambawa.Mwachitsanzo, ma compressor a silinda awiri amatha kusinthidwa ndi unit 650.3509009, ndi compressor ya silinda imodzi ndi LP-3999.Ma compressor awa ali ndi mawonekedwe omwewo komanso kukula kwake, kotero amatenga malo am'nyumba mosavuta.
Ndi kusankha koyenera ndikuyika, kompresa ya MAZ idzagwira ntchito modalirika, kuonetsetsa kuti makina a pneumatic akugwira ntchito pazikhalidwe zilizonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2023