Kuyang'anira kupanikizika mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayendera bwino mkati mwa injini yoyaka moto.Masensa apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kupanikizika - werengani zonse za masensa akuthamanga kwa mafuta, mitundu yawo, kapangidwe kake, mfundo zogwirira ntchito, komanso kusankha kwawo kolondola ndikusintha m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi sensor yamafuta amafuta ndi chiyani?
Sensa yamagetsi yamafuta ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino cha zida ndi zida zama alarm pamakina opaka mafuta obwezeretsanso injini zoyatsira mkati;Sensa yoyezera kukakamizidwa mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta ndikuwonetsa kuchepa kwake pansi pamlingo wovuta.
Ma sensor amphamvu amafuta amagwira ntchito ziwiri zazikulu:
• Kuchenjeza dalaivala za kuchepa kwa mafuta m'dongosolo;
• Alamu otsika / opanda mafuta mu dongosolo;
• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwamafuta kwathunthu mu injini.
Zomverera zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mzere waukulu wa mafuta a injini, zomwe zimakulolani kuti muyang'ane kuthamanga kwa mafuta ndi kupezeka kwake mu dongosolo la mafuta (izi zimakulolani kuti muyang'ane ntchito ya mpope wa mafuta, ngati ikulephera, mafuta amangochita. osalowa mzere).Masiku ano, zowunikira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zolinga zimayikidwa pa injini, zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Makina opangira mafuta a injini ndi malo opangira zowunikira momwemo
Mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mfundo ya kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka masensa amafuta
Choyamba, masensa onse opanikizika amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri malinga ndi cholinga chawo:
• Alarm sensor (chizindikiro cha alamu chadzidzidzi chotsitsa kuthamanga kwa mafuta, "sensor pa nyali");
• Sensor yoyezera kuthamanga kwathunthu kwamafuta ("sensor pa chipangizo").
Zipangizo zamtundu woyamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu alarm system ya kutsika kwakukulu kwamafuta, zimangoyambika pokhapokha ngati kupanikizika kumatsika pansi pamlingo wina.Masensa otere amalumikizidwa ndi zida zomveka kapena zowunikira (buzzer, nyali pa dashboard), zomwe zimachenjeza woyendetsa za kutsika kotsika / mafuta mu injini.Choncho, chipangizo chamtunduwu nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "sensa pa nyali".
Zomverera zamtundu wachiwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera kuthamanga kwamafuta, zimagwira ntchito pamtundu wonse wamagetsi mumayendedwe opaka mafuta.Zidazi ndi zinthu zomveka za zida zoyezera zomwe zimagwirizana (analogi kapena digito), zizindikiro zomwe zimawonetsedwa pa dashboard ndikuwonetsa kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu injini, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "sensa pa chida".
Masensa onse amakono a mafuta ndi diaphragm (diaphragm).Pali zigawo zitatu zazikulu mu chipangizochi:
• Pakhomo lotsekedwa lotsekedwa ndi nembanemba yachitsulo yosinthika (diaphragm);
• Njira yotumizira;
• Converter: makina chizindikiro kwa magetsi.
Mphuno yokhala ndi diaphragm imalumikizidwa ndi mzere waukulu wamafuta wa injini, motero nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mphamvu yofanana yamafuta monga pamzere, ndipo kusinthasintha kulikonse kumapangitsa kuti diaphragm ichoke pamalo ake.Kupatuka kwa nembanemba kumazindikiridwa ndi njira yotumizira ndipo imadyetsedwa kwa transducer, yomwe imapanga chizindikiro chamagetsi - chizindikirochi chimatumizidwa ku chipangizo choyezera kapena kuwongolera zamagetsi.
Masiku ano, masensa amafuta amafuta amagwiritsa ntchito njira zopatsira ndi zosinthira zomwe ndizosiyana pamapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, pali mitundu inayi ya zida zitha kusiyanitsa:
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma diaphragm (diaphragm) mafuta ophatikizira masensa
Masiku ano, masensa amafuta amafuta amagwiritsa ntchito njira zopatsira ndi zosinthira zomwe ndizosiyana pamapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, pali mitundu inayi ya zida zitha kusiyanitsa:
• Sensa yamtundu wa kukhudzana ndi masensa okha a chipangizo chowonetsera ("pa nyali");
• Sensa ya Rheostat;
• Pulse sensor;
• Sensa ya piezocrystalline.
Chida chilichonse chili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito.
Lumikizanani ndi sensa yamafuta amafuta (nyali iliyonse)
Sensor ndi ya mtundu wolumikizana.Chipangizocho chili ndi gulu lolumikizana - cholumikizira chosunthika chomwe chili pa nembanemba, ndi kulumikizana kokhazikika kolumikizidwa ndi thupi la chipangizocho.Malo omwe amalumikizana amasankhidwa m'njira yoti pamagetsi amafuta omwe ali m'dongosolo amalumikizana ndi otseguka, ndipo pamavuto otsika amatsekedwa.Kupanikizika kwa pakhomo kumayikidwa ndi kasupe, zimatengera mtundu ndi chitsanzo cha injini, kotero zowunikira zamtundu wa kukhudzana sizimasinthasintha nthawi zonse.
Rheostat sensor.Chipangizocho chili ndi waya wokhazikika wa rheostat ndi slider yolumikizidwa ku nembanemba.Nembanembayo ikachoka pamalo apakati, wotsetsereka amazungulira mozungulira mozungulira ndi mpando wogwedezeka ndikusuntha motsatira rheostat - izi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa kukana kwa rheostat, komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi chipangizo choyezera kapena chamagetsi.Choncho, kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumawoneka mu kusintha kwa kukana kwa sensa, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza.
Pulse sensor.Chipangizocho chili ndi thermobimetallic vibrator (transducer) yomwe imakhala ndi kulumikizana kolimba ndi nembanemba.Vibrator imakhala ndi zolumikizira ziwiri, imodzi (yapamwamba) yopangidwa ndi mbale ya bimetallic yokhala ndi bala lopaka kutentha.M'nyengo yozizira, mbale ya bimetallic imawongoledwa ndikutsekedwa ndi kukhudzana kwapansi - panopa imayenda kudutsa dera lotsekedwa, kuphatikizapo koyilo yotentha.M'kupita kwa nthawi, spiral imatenthetsa mbale ya bimetallic, imapindika ndikuchoka kumtunda wapansi - dera limatsegulidwa.Chifukwa cha kusweka kwa dera, spiral imasiya kutentha, mbale ya bimetallic imazizira pansi ndikuwongoka - dera limatseka kachiwiri ndipo ndondomekoyi imayambanso.Zotsatira zake, mbale ya bimetallic imagwedezeka nthawi zonse ndipo kusinthasintha kwapadera kwafupipafupi kumapangidwa pakupanga kwa sensa.
Kulumikizana kwapansi kwa sensa kumalumikizidwa ndi diaphragm, yomwe, malingana ndi kuthamanga kwa mafuta, imachoka pakatikati kapena pansi.Pankhani yokweza diaphragm (ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mafuta), kukhudzana kwapansi kumakwera ndikukanikizidwa kwambiri ndi mbale ya bimetallic, kotero kuti kugwedezeka kwafupipafupi kumachepa, ogwirizanitsa amakhala otsekedwa kwa nthawi yaitali.Nembanembayo ikatsitsidwa, kukhudzana kwapansi kumachoka ku mbale ya bimetallic, kotero kuti kugwedezeka kwafupipafupi kumawonjezeka, kukhudzana kumakhala kotsekedwa kwa nthawi yochepa.Kusintha nthawi yolumikizirana pamalo otsekedwa (ndiko kuti, kusintha ma frequency akusintha kwapano pakutulutsa kwa sensa) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chipangizo cha analogi kapena gawo lamagetsi kuyeza kuthamanga kwamafuta mu injini.
Piezocrystalline sensor.Sensa iyi ili ndi transducer ya piezocrystalline yolumikizidwa ndi nembanemba.Maziko a transducer ndi piezocrystalline resistor - crystal yokhala ndi piezoelectric properties, kwa ndege ziwiri zomwe zimaperekedwa panopa, ndipo ndege zowonongeka zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nembanemba ndi mbale yokhazikika.Pamene kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumasintha, nembanemba imapatuka pa malo ake ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa mphamvu ya piezocrystalline resistor - chifukwa chake, katundu wa conductive wa resistor ndipo, motero, kusintha kwake kukana.Kusintha kwaposachedwa pakutulutsa kwa sensor kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gawo lowongolera kapena chizindikiro kuyeza kuthamanga kwamafuta mu injini.
Masensa onse, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wake, amakhala ndi chitsulo cha cylindrical, cholumikizira cholumikizira chimaperekedwa pansi pa nyumbayo kuti chilumikizidwe ndi mzere wamafuta (ma washer osindikizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza), komanso kulumikizana kuti mulumikizane ndi magetsi. pamwamba kapena mbali.Kulumikizana kwachiwiri ndi nyumba, kudzera mu chipika cha injini cholumikizidwa pansi pamagetsi.Palinso hexagon pathupi pokweza ndi kugwetsa sensa pogwiritsa ntchito wrench wamba.
Nkhani zakusankha ndikusintha ma sensor amafuta
Ma sensor amphamvu amafuta (ma alarm ndikuyeza kuthamanga) ndizofunika kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka injini, kotero ngati alephera, ayenera kusinthidwa - monga lamulo, sangathe kukonzedwa.Kufunika kosintha sensa kumatha kuwonetsedwa ndikuwerenga kolakwika kwa chipangizocho kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse chizindikiro pa dashboard.Ngati mulingo wamafuta mu dongosolo ndi wabwinobwino, ndipo palibe mavuto ndi injini, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha sensa.
M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kusankha masensa okhawo amitundu ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga injini.Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wosiyana wa sensa kungayambitse kuphwanya kuwerengera kwa chida choyezera kapena chizindikiro pa dashboard.Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa masensa a alamu - nthawi zambiri sasintha ndipo amayikidwa pampando wina pafakitale.Ndi masensa akuthamanga kwa mafuta, zinthu zimakhala zosiyana - nthawi zambiri ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ndi zitsanzo za zipangizo, popeza chipangizo choyezera kapena chipangizo chamagetsi chimapereka mphamvu yosinthira (calibrate) ku sensa yatsopano.
Kusintha sensor yamafuta ndikosavuta.Ntchito iyenera kuchitidwa pa injini yoyimitsidwa ndi yozizira, chifukwa pamenepa palibe mafuta mumzere waukulu wa mafuta (kapena ndi ochepa kwambiri), ndipo sipadzakhala kutayikira pamene sensa imachotsedwa.Sensa imangofunika kumasulidwa ndi kiyi, ndipo chipangizo chatsopano chiyenera kugwedezeka m'malo mwake.Chotsuka chosindikizira chiyenera kuikidwa pa sensor yoyenera, apo ayi dongosololo likhoza kutaya mphamvu zake.
Ndi kusankha koyenera ndi kusinthidwa kwa sensa, makina otsekemera a mafuta otsika kwambiri komanso makina oyezera mafuta a injini adzagwira ntchito modalirika, ndikupereka kuwunika koyenera kwa gawo lamagetsi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-18-2023