Ma injini amakono ambiri amagwiritsabe ntchito njira zogawa gasi ndi ma valve oyendetsa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za rocker.Mikono ya rocker imayikidwa pa gawo lapadera - axis.Werengani za momwe rocker arm axis ilili, momwe imagwirira ntchito ndikugwira ntchito, komanso kusankha kwake ndikusintha m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi rocker arm axis ndi chiyani?
The rocker arm axis ndi gawo la njira yogawa gasi yobwezeretsanso injini zoyaka mkati zokhala ndi ma valve apamwamba;Ndodo yobowola yomwe imagwira manja a rocker a mavavu ndi mbali zina za makina a valve.
The rocker arm axis imagwira ntchito zingapo:
• Kuyika bwino kwa mikono ya rocker poyerekeza ndi matepi a camshaft / makamu ndi ma valve;
• Kupaka mafuta amtundu wa rocker arms ndi ma bearings awo, mafuta kuzinthu zina zamakina ogawa gasi;
• Kusungidwa kwa zida za rocker, akasupe awo ndi mbali zina (axle imakhala ngati chinthu chonyamula mphamvu).
Ndiko kuti, rocker arm axis ndiye chinthu chachikulu chonyamula katundu pazigawo zingapo zanthawi (mikono ya rocker, akasupe ndi ena) ndi imodzi mwamizere yayikulu yamafuta amtundu wolumikizana wamafuta.Gawoli limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamainjini apamwamba a valve okhala ndi nthawi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana:
- Ndi camshaft m'munsi, ndi actuation mavavu kudzera tappets, ndodo ndi rocker mikono;
- Ndi camshaft ya pamwamba (mitsinje wamba kapena yosiyana pamzere uliwonse wa mavavu), ndi kuyendetsa kwa ma valve kudzera m'manja mwa rocker;
- Ndi camshaft pamwamba, mavavu amayendetsedwa kudzera pa lever pusher.
M'mainjini amakono okhala ndi valavu yolunjika kuchokera ku makamera a camshaft, zida za rocker ndi magawo ofananira palibe.
The rocker arm axis imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, kuwonetsetsa kuti kachitidwe kake ka nthawi ya valve kamagwira ntchito bwino.Axle yolakwika kapena yolakwika iyenera kusinthidwa posachedwa, ndipo kuti mupange chisankho choyenera cha gawoli, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu yomwe ilipo ya ma axles, mapangidwe awo ndi mawonekedwe awo.
Chonde dziwani: lero m'mabuku ndi mabizinesi amalonda, mawu oti "rocker arm axis" amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matanthauzo awiri - ngati gawo losiyana, chubu lopanda kanthu pomwe zida za rocker, akasupe ndi mbali zina zimagwiridwa, komanso ngati chitsulo chathunthu ndi zida zokhazikitsidwa kale, zida za rocker ndi akasupe.M'tsogolomu, tikambirana za nkhwangwa za rocker arms onse awiriwa.
Mitundu, kapangidwe ndi kasinthidwe ka nkhwangwa za rocker arm
Ma axles amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zida za rocker zomwe zimayikidwa komanso kutengera mawonekedwe ena.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zida za rocker zomwe zidayikidwa, ma axles ndi awa:
• Payekha;
• Gulu.
Axle payokha ndi gawo lomwe limanyamula mkono umodzi wokha ndi zomangira (washer kapena nati).Ma axles amtundu wa rocker amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga lamulo, m'mainjini okhala ndi ma valve awiri pa silinda, kotero kuchuluka kwa ma axles momwemo ndi kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa masilindala.Mzere woterewu umapangidwa nthawi imodzi ndi choyikapo, kotero umayikidwa pamutu wa silinda popanda zigawo zowonjezera, dongosolo lonselo ndi losavuta komanso lopepuka.Komabe, axis payokha ya rocker arms sangathe kukonzedwa pakagwa vuto, amangosintha msonkhano.
Axle yokhala ndi gulu la rocker arms
Axle yamagulu ndi gawo lomwe limanyamula zida zingapo zogwedera ndi zida zofananira (akasupe, ma thrust washers, zikhomo).Kuchokera ku 2 mpaka 12 zida za rocker zitha kukhala pa chitsulo chimodzi, kutengera kapangidwe ka injini ndi kuchuluka kwa masilinda.Chifukwa chake, pamainjini okhala ndi mitu ya silinda, ma axle okhala ndi manja awiri ogwedera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa silinda iliyonse, pa injini 6-silinda yokhala ndi mitu ya silinda yosiyana ya masilinda atatu, ma axle awiri okhala ndi manja asanu ndi limodzi ogwedera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamzere 4, 5 ndi 6-yamphamvu injini, ma axles ndi 8, 10 ndi 12 rocker mikono, motero, etc. Chiwerengero cha gulu rocker mikono mu mzere umodzi kapena V woboola pakati injini ndi mutu umodzi yamphamvu kwa angapo masilindala akhoza kukhala 1, 2. kapena 4. Ma motors okhala ndi ma valve awiri pa silinda amagwiritsira ntchito ma axles awiri kapena awiri (pamutu wosiyana wa silinda), magalimoto okhala ndi ma valve anayi pa silinda amagwiritsa ntchito ma axles awiri kapena anayi.Chiwerengero cha ma axles mumainjini okhala ndi mitu ya silinda imodzi chimafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mitu.
Nkhwangwa zamagulu a rocker arms ndizosavuta.Zimakhazikitsidwa pa olamulira wokha - chitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi njira yayitali komanso mabowo angapo odutsa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa zida za rocker zomwe zimayikidwa.Mabowo opingasa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza ekseli muzoyikapo ndi ma pini a cotter ndi ma thrust washers.Popeza chitsulo chonyamula katundu chimakhala cholemetsa kwambiri, chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapadera, ndipo pamwamba pake chimakhala ndi mankhwala otenthetsera komanso kutentha (carburization, kuumitsa) kuonjezera mphamvu, kukana kuvala ndi zina zoipa.
Mikono ya rocker imayikidwa pa axle kupyolera mu tchire (zimbalangondo zopangidwa ndi bronze kapena zipangizo zina), ma grooves ndi ngalande amapangidwa m'matchire kuti azipereka mafuta kuchokera ku axle kupita ku manja a rocker.Mikono iwiri ya rocker imayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito akasupe a spacer cylindrical ovala pa ekisi.Chingwecho chimayikidwa pamutu wa silinda pogwiritsa ntchito mikwingwirima - ziwiri zazikulu komanso zingapo zazikulu (zapakati) zomwe zili pakati pa zida za rocker.Axle imatha kuyikidwa muzitsulo momasuka kapena kukanikizidwa mkati mwake.Ma axles a rocker arm a injini za ma valve anayi amatha kuyikidwa pazingwe zamapasa, zomwe zimatsimikizira malo oyenera a nthawi.Pansi pazitsulo pali zikhomo zapakati ndi mabowo azitsulo / mabawuti omangirira.
Kupereka mafuta ku rocker arm axle kumatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:
• Kupyolera mu imodzi mwazitsulo;
• Kupyolera mu chubu chapadera.
Poyamba, imodzi mwazitsulo zozama kwambiri kapena zapakati zimakhala ndi njira yomwe mafuta amachokera ku njira yofanana ya silinda kupita ku rocker arm axis.Chachiwiri, chubu chachitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi njira yamafuta pamutu wa silinda chimaperekedwa kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa manja a rocker.
Kawirikawiri, ma axles a manja a rocker amitundu yonse ali ndi mapangidwe ophweka, choncho ndi odalirika komanso okhazikika, ngakhale kuti mbalizi zikhoza kulephera - pankhaniyi, ziyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.
Mapangidwe a rocker arm axis okhala ndi mafuta kudzera mzati wapakati
Nkhani zakusankha, kukonza ndikusintha ma axes a rocker arm
Monga mbali zina zambiri, nkhwangwa za rocker arm nthawi zambiri zimapangidwira payekhapayekha mtundu wina wamitundu kapena kusinthidwa kwa injini, zomwe zimaletsa kusankha kwa magawo awa.Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kusankha ma axles okhawo omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga injiniyo - kotero pali zitsimikizo kuti magawo atsopanowo adzagwa ndikugwira ntchito moyenera.
Payokha, tisaiwale kuti ngakhale masinthidwe osiyana injini imodzi nthawi zambiri okonzeka ndi nkhwangwa rocker mkono, osiyana mapangidwe ndi makhalidwe.Mwachitsanzo, mayunitsi ena apanyumba amafuta amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala ndi mitu ya silinda yomwe siili yofananira pamapangidwe ndi miyeso, chifukwa chake, nkhwangwa zamanja za rocker zitha kukhala zosiyana (zokhala ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana, zida za rocker, etc.).Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pogula zida zosinthira ndi kukonza.
The rocker arm axle iyenera kuthyoledwa ndikuyika molingana ndi malangizo a kukonza ndi kukonza galimoto.Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuti chitsulocho chizigwira ntchito bwino komanso kupewa kuwonongeka, zomangira zake (maboliti kapena mtedza wa stud) ziyenera kumangika motsatira ndondomeko yoyenera komanso kuyesetsa.Ndipo mutatha kukhazikitsa, ndikofunikira kusintha kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa zida za rocker ndi mavavu.
Pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto, chitsulo chogwedeza mkono sichifuna kukonzanso kwapadera, ndikofunikira malinga ndi malangizo kuti muwone kusokoneza kwa ma bolts / mtedza ndikuyang'ana mbali za buluu za kukhulupirika kwawo.Kusamalira nthawi zonse komanso kuyendetsa bwino galimoto kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kodalirika kwa rocker arm axle ndi nthawi yonse mumayendedwe onse a injini.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2023