Ma hydraulic drive a mabuleki ndi ma clutch amagalimoto ali ndi gawo lomwe limathandizira kuwongolera machitidwe awa - vacuum amplifier.Werengani zonse za vacuum brake ndi clutch boosters, mitundu yawo ndi mapangidwe ake, komanso kusankha, kukonza ndi kusintha mayunitsiwa m'nkhani yomwe yaperekedwa pa webusaitiyi.
Kodi vacuum amplifier ndi chiyani?
Vacuum booster (VU) - gawo la ma brake system ndi clutch yokhala ndi ma hydraulic drive yamagalimoto oyenda;Chipangizo cha pneumomechanical chomwe chimapereka kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu pa brake kapena clutch pedal chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mpweya wa mpweya m'mabowo otsekedwa.
Mabuleki oyendetsedwa ndi ma hydraulically omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ambiri komanso magalimoto ambiri amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu - dalaivala amayenera kuyesetsa mwamphamvu kuti agwire mabuleki.Izi zimapangitsa kuti madalaivala azitopa kwambiri ndipo zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi poyendetsa.Vuto lomwelo limawonedwa mu clutch yoyendetsedwa ndi ma hydraulically yomwe magalimoto ambiri amakhala nayo.Pazochitika zonsezi, vutoli limathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito pneumomechanical unit - vacuum brake ndi clutch booster.
VU imagwira ntchito ngati ulalo wapakatikati pakati pa brake / clutch pedal ndi brake master cylinder (GTZ) / clutch master cylinder (GVC), imapereka kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kuchokera pa pedal kangapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwongolera galimoto. .Chigawo ichi ndi chofunikira kuti galimoto igwire bwino ntchito, ndipo ngakhale kuwonongeka kwake sikumasokoneza ntchito ya brake / clutch drive, iyenera kukonzedwa ndikusinthidwa.Koma musanayambe kugula vacuum amplifier kapena kukonza yakale, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu yomwe ilipo ya njirazi, mapangidwe awo ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito.
Mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito vacuum amplifier
Choyamba, tisaiwale kuti vacuum amplifiers ntchito mu machitidwe awiri magalimoto:
● Mu dongosolo la brake ndi hydraulic drive - vacuum brake booster (VUT);
● Mu clutch yokhala ndi hydraulic drive - vacuum clutch booster (VUS).
CWF imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto onyamula anthu, magalimoto amalonda ndi apakatikati.VUS imayikidwa pamagalimoto, mathirakitala ndi magalimoto osiyanasiyana amawilo.Komabe, mitundu yonse ya amplifiers ili ndi dongosolo lomwelo, ndipo ntchito yawo imachokera pa mfundo yofanana ya thupi.
Ma VU agawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu:
● Chipinda chimodzi;
● Zipinda ziwiri.
Ganizirani za mapangidwe ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito VU pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha chipinda chimodzi.Nthawi zambiri, VU imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo:
● Chamber (aka thupi), wogawidwa ndi kasupe wodzaza diaphragm mu 2 mapako;
● Valve ya servo (valavu yolamulira) yomwe tsinde lake limagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi clutch / brake pedal.Gawo lotuluka la thupi la valve ndi tsinde la tsinde limatsekedwa ndi chivundikiro cha corrugated chotetezera, fyuluta yosavuta ya mpweya ikhoza kumangidwa mu thupi la valve;
● Kuyika ndi kapena popanda valavu yowunikira kuti mugwirizane ndi chipinda ndi njira zambiri zolowera mphamvu;
● Ndodo yolumikizidwa molunjika ku diaphragm mbali imodzi ndi GTZ kapena GCS mbali inayo.
M'zipinda ziwiri za VU pali makamera awiri omwe amaikidwa mndandanda ndi ma diaphragms, omwe amagwira ntchito pa ndodo imodzi ya GTZ drive kapena GCS.Mumtundu uliwonse wamakina, zipinda zachitsulo za cylindrical zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma diaphragms ndi zitsulo, amakhala ndi kuyimitsidwa zotanuka (zopangidwa ndi mphira), zomwe zimapereka kusuntha kosavuta kwa gawolo motsatira mbali yake.
Chipinda cha VU chimagawidwa ndi diaphragm m'mabowo awiri: kumbali ya pedal pali mpweya wa mumlengalenga, kumbali ya silinda pali mpweya wotsekemera.Mpweya wa vacuum nthawi zonse umalumikizidwa ndi gwero la vacuum - nthawi zambiri injini yolowera imagwira ntchito yake (kutsika kwamphamvu kumachitika pamene ma pistoni amatsika), komabe, pampu yosiyana ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi injini za dizilo.Mphepete mwa mlengalenga imakhala ndi kugwirizana ndi mlengalenga (kupyolera mu valavu yolamulira) ndi kumtunda (kupyolera mu valve yolamulira yomweyi kapena valavu yosiyana).
Chithunzi cha vacuum brake
Kupanga kwa Booster kwa signle-chamber vacuum booster
Mapangidwe a zipinda ziwiri za vacuum booster
Vacuum amplifier imagwira ntchito mosavuta.Pamene pedal ikuvutika maganizo, valavu yolamulira (valve valve) imatsekedwa, koma mabowo onsewa amalankhulana kudzera m'mabowo, njira kapena valavu yosiyana - amasunga kupanikizika kwapakati, diaphragm ili bwino ndipo sichisuntha mbali iliyonse.Panthawi yosunthira kutsogolo, valavu yolondolera imayambika, imatseka njira pakati pa mapanga ndipo nthawi yomweyo imalankhulana ndi mpweya wa mumlengalenga ndi mlengalenga, kotero kuti kuthamanga kwake kumawonjezeka kwambiri.Chotsatira chake, kusiyana kwapakati kumachitika pa diaphragm, kumapita kumimba ndi kupanikizika kochepa chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa mumlengalenga, komanso kupyolera mu ndodo pa GTZ kapena GCS.Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa mlengalenga, mphamvu ya pedal imawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda kosavuta pamene mukuwotcha kapena kuchotsa clutch.
Ngati chopondapo chiyima pamalo aliwonse apakatikati, ndiye kuti valavu yotsata imatseka (popeza kukakamiza mbali zonse za pisitoni kapena makina ochapira apadera kumafanana, ndipo magawowa amakhala pampando wawo chifukwa cha kasupe) komanso kukakamiza mkati. chipinda cha mumlengalenga chimasiya kusintha.Zotsatira zake, kusuntha kwa diaphragm ndi ndodo kumayima, GTZ kapena GCS yogwirizanayo imakhalabe pamalo osankhidwa.Ndi kusintha kwina kwa malo a pedal, valve yolamulira imatsegula kachiwiri, njira zomwe tafotokozazi zikupitirira.Chifukwa chake, valavu yowongolera imapereka njira yotsatirira kachitidwe, potero kukwaniritsa kufanana pakati pa pedal press ndi mphamvu yopangidwa ndi makina onse.
Pamene pedal imatulutsidwa, valve yolondolera imatseka, kulekanitsa mpweya wa mumlengalenga kuchokera mumlengalenga, ndikutsegula mabowo pakati pa mapanga.Zotsatira zake, kupanikizika kumatsika m'mabowo onse awiri, ndipo diaphragm ndi GTZ kapena GCS yogwirizana nayo imabwerera kumalo awo oyambirira chifukwa cha mphamvu ya masika.Pamalo awa, VU yakonzeka kugwira ntchito kachiwiri.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, gwero lodziwika bwino la vacuum kwa VU ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, kuchokera pa izi zikuwonekeratu kuti injini ikayimitsidwa, chipangizochi sichingagwire ntchito (ngakhale kuti vacuum yotsalira mu chipinda cha VU, ngakhale injini ikasiya, adzatha kupereka kuchokera kumodzi mpaka atatu braking).Komanso, VU sichingagwire ntchito ngati zipindazo zikuvutitsidwa kapena payipi yotulutsa vacuum kuchokera ku mota yawonongeka.Koma ma braking system kapena clutch drive pankhaniyi ikhalabe ikugwira ntchito, ngakhale izi zidzafunika khama.Chowonadi ndi chakuti chopondapo chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi GTZ kapena GCS kudzera pa ndodo ziwiri zomwe zikuyenda mozungulira VU yonse.Chifukwa chake pakawonongeka kosiyanasiyana, ndodo za VU zimagwira ntchito ngati ndodo wamba.
Momwe mungasankhire, kukonza ndi kukonza chokulitsa chowulungika
Mayesero amasonyeza kuti CWT ndi VUS ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri ndipo kawirikawiri zimakhala gwero la mavuto.Komabe, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, zovuta zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuchitika mugawoli, makamaka kutayika kwa chipindacho, kuwonongeka kwa diaphragm, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa vavu ndi kuwonongeka kwamakina.Kusokonekera kwa amplifier kumawonetsedwa ndi kukana kowonjezereka pa pedal ndi kuchepa kwa sitiroko yake.Zizindikiro zotere zikawoneka, ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire chigawocho, ngati chasokonekera, kukonza kapena kubwezeretsanso gulu la amplifier.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya VUT ndi VUS yokhayo yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kuti ikhazikitsidwe ndi wopanga magalimoto ndiyomwe iyenera kusinthidwa.M'malo mwake, ndizololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zina, koma ziyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera komanso kukula kwake.Ndizosavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lomwe limapanga mphamvu yosakwanira - izi zidzapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa kuwongolera kwagalimoto komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutopa kwa oyendetsa.Mwachitsanzo, palibe chifukwa choti muyike chipinda chimodzi VU m'malo mwa zipinda ziwiri.Komano, ndizopanda nzeru kukhazikitsa amplifier yamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa poigwiritsa ntchito, "pedal feeling" ikhoza kutayika, ndipo m'malo mwake mudzafunika ndalama zopanda pake.
Komanso, posankha amplifier, m'pofunika kuganizira kasinthidwe ake - mbali izi zikhoza kuperekedwa anasonkhana ndi GTZ kapena GCS, kapena mosiyana ndi iwo.Kuonjezera apo, mungafunike kugula zopangira, slags, clamps ndi fasteners - zonsezi ziyenera kusamalidwa pasadakhale.
Kusintha kwa vacuum amplifier kuyenera kuchitidwa motsatira malangizo okonza galimotoyo.Nthawi zambiri, ndikwanira kulumikiza tsinde pa pedal, kuchotsa GTZ / GCS (ngati ali bwino) ndi payipi onse, ndiye dismantle amplifier, unsembe wa unit latsopano ikuchitika mu dongosolo n'zosiyana.Ngati VU isintha pagulu ndi silinda, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kukhetsa madzi kuchokera mudongosolo ndikuchotsa mapaipi opita kumabwalo kuchokera ku silinda.Mukakhazikitsa amplifier yatsopano, ndikofunikira kusintha kugunda kwa pedal, izi zitha kufunikiranso pakuyendetsa galimoto.
Ngati chowonjezera cha vacuum chisankhidwa bwino ndikusinthidwa, makina oyendetsa kapena clutch actuator ayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto munthawi zonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-13-2023