Kuti muzitha kuyendetsa bwino komanso mosatopa pamagalimoto amakono, hydraulic clutch drive imagwiritsidwa ntchito, imodzi mwamaudindo akulu omwe amasewera ndi master silinda.Werengani za clutch master cylinder, mitundu yake, kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito, kusankha kolondola ndikusintha m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi clutch master cylinder ndi chiyani?
Clutch master cylinder (GVC) - hydraulic drive unit yoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa zolumikizira zoyendetsedwa pamanja (zotumiza pamanja);Silinda ya hydraulic yomwe imasintha mphamvu kuchokera ku mwendo wa dalaivala kupita ku mphamvu yamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito mumayendedwe oyendetsa.
GVC ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za hydraulic clutch actuator.Ma cylinders ambuye ndi akapolo, olumikizidwa ndi payipi yachitsulo, amapanga gawo losindikizidwa la hydraulic drive, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe clutch imazimitsidwa ndikuphatikizidwa.GVC imayikidwa mwachindunji kumbuyo kwa clutch pedal ndikugwirizanitsa ndi ndodo (pusher), silinda ya kapolo imayikidwa pa clutch house (belu) ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ndodo (pusher) ku foloko yotulutsa clutch.
Silinda ya master imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuyendetsa, ikasweka, kuyendetsa galimoto kumakhala kovuta kapena kosatheka.Koma kuti mugule silinda yatsopano, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a makinawa.
Mitundu ya clutch master cylinders
Ma GCP onse ali ndi kapangidwe kofanana komanso kagwiritsidwe ntchito kofanana, koma amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera malo ndi kapangidwe ka thanki yokhala ndi madzi ogwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa ma pistoni ndi kapangidwe ka thupi lonse.
Malingana ndi malo ndi mapangidwe a thanki, masilinda ndi:
● Ndi chosungira chophatikizika chamadzimadzi ogwirira ntchito ndi thanki yakutali;
● Ndi thanki yakutali;
● Ndi thanki yomwe ili pa thupi la silinda.
| Clutch master cylinder yokhala ndi chosungira chophatikizika | Clutch master cylinder yokhala ndi reservoir yakutali | Clutch master cylinder yokhala ndi chosungira choyikidwa pathupi |
Mtundu woyamba wa GCS ndi mapangidwe achikale omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano.Makina oterowo amayikidwa molunjika kapena pamakona ena, kumtunda kwake kuli thanki yokhala ndi madzi ogwirira ntchito, omwe amaperekedwanso kuchokera ku tanki yakutali.Ma cylinders amtundu wachiwiri ndi wachitatu ali kale zida zamakono, mu imodzi mwazo thanki ili kutali ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi silinda pogwiritsa ntchito payipi, ndipo ina tanki imayikidwa mwachindunji pa thupi la silinda.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma pistoni a GCS, pali:
● Ndi pistoni imodzi;
● Ndi pisitoni ziwiri.
| Single-piston clutch master cylinder | Clutch master cylinder yokhala ndi ma pistoni awiri |
Pachiyambi choyamba, chopondera chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi pisitoni imodzi, kotero mphamvu yochokera ku clutch pedal imaperekedwa mwachindunji kumadzimadzi ogwira ntchito.Chachiwiri, pusher imalumikizidwa ndi pisitoni yapakatikati, yomwe imagwira pa pisitoni yayikulu ndiyeno pamadzi ogwira ntchito.
Pomaliza, ma GCA amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo - pamagalimoto ena, chipangizochi chimapangidwa munkhani imodzi ndi silinda ya master, ma silinda amathanso kukhazikitsidwa molunjika, mopingasa kapena pamakona ena, etc.
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka clutch master cylinders
Chithunzi choyimira cha hydraulic clutch release drive
Chosavuta kwambiri ndi dongosolo la GCS ndi thanki yochotsedwa ndikuyikidwa pathupi.Maziko a chipangizocho ndi cylindrical cast kesi, pomwe ma eyelets okwera mabawuti ndi magawo ena amapangidwa.Kumapeto kumodzi, thupi limatsekedwa ndi pulagi ya ulusi kapena pulagi yokhala ndi cholumikizira ku payipi.Ngati thupi latsekedwa ndi pulagi yakhungu, ndiye kuti kuyenerera kumakhala pambali ya silinda.
Pakatikati mwa silinda, pali koyenera kulumikiza ku thanki pogwiritsa ntchito payipi kapena mpando woyika tanki molunjika pathupi.Pansi pa koyenera kapena pampando mu nyumba ya silinda, mabowo awiri amapangidwa: chiwongola dzanja (cholowera) dzenje laling'ono ndi dzenje losefukira la kuchuluka kwake.Mabowowo amakonzedwa m'njira yakuti pamene chowongolera chowongolera chimasulidwa, dzenje lamalipiro limakhala kutsogolo kwa pisitoni (kuchokera kumbali ya dera loyendetsa galimoto), ndipo dzenje lodutsa lili kuseri kwa pisitoni.
Pistoni imayikidwa m'matumbo a thupi, mbali imodzi yomwe ili ndi pusher yolumikizidwa ndi pedal clutch.Kumapeto kwa thupi kumbali yokankhira kumakutidwa ndi kapu yoteteza mphira yamalata.Pamene clutch pedal ikuvutika maganizo, pisitoni imabwezeretsedwa kumalo ovuta kwambiri ndi kasupe wobwerera omwe ali mkati mwa silinda.Ma GCA a pisitoni awiri amagwiritsa ntchito pisitoni ziwiri zomwe zili chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake, pakati pa ma pistoni pali O-ring (khafu).Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ma pistoni awiri kumathandizira kulimba kwa dera la clutch drive ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwa dongosolo lonse.
Ndodo.Awa ndiye maziko a ndodo yolumikizira yomwe imalumikiza mitu ndikuwonetsetsa kusuntha kwa mphamvu kuchokera pamutu wa pisitoni kupita ku crank.Kutalika kwa ndodo kumatsimikizira kutalika kwa pistoni ndi sitiroko yawo, komanso kutalika kwa injini.Kuti mukwaniritse zolimba zomwe zimafunikira, ma profiles osiyanasiyana amamangiriridwa ku ndodo:
● I-beam ndi makonzedwe a mashelufu perpendicular kapena ofanana ndi nkhwangwa za mitu;
● Cruciform.
Nthawi zambiri, ndodoyo imapatsidwa mbiri ya I-mtengo wokhala ndi mashelufu otalika (kumanja ndi kumanzere, ngati muyang'ana ndodo yolumikizira pamodzi ndi nkhwangwa za mitu), zina zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Njira imabowoleredwa mkati mwa ndodo kuti ipereke mafuta kuchokera kumutu wakumunsi kupita kumutu kumtunda, mu ndodo zolumikizira mbali zopindika zimapangidwa kuchokera panjira yapakati kuti apozere mafuta pamakoma a silinda ndi mbali zina.Pa ndodo za I-beam, mmalo mwa njira yobowoleredwa, chubu choperekera mafuta chachitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi ndodo yokhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri, ndodoyo imayikidwa chizindikiro ndikuyika chizindikiro kuti akhazikitse bwino gawolo.
Piston mutu.Bowo limapangidwa pamutu, momwe manja amkuwa amaponderezedwa, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati chigwa.Pini ya pisitoni imayikidwa mu manja ndi kusiyana kochepa.Kuti azipaka minyewa ya pini ndi manja ake, bowo limapangidwa kumapeto kuti mafuta azituluka kuchokera munjira mkati mwa ndodo yolumikizira.
Crank mutu.Mutu uwu umachotsedwa, gawo lake lapansi limapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a chivundikiro chochotsedwa chomwe chimayikidwa pa ndodo yolumikizira.Cholumikizira chikhoza kukhala:
● Zowongoka - ndege ya cholumikizira ili pamakona abwino kwa ndodo;
● Oblique - ndege ya cholumikizira imapangidwa pamakona ena.
| Kulumikiza ndodo ndi cholumikizira chivundikiro chowongoka | Kulumikiza ndodo ndi oblique chophimba cholumikizira |
Masilinda otere amagwira ntchito motere.Pamene chopondapo clutch chimasulidwa, pisitoni ili pamalo owopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kubwezeredwa kwa masika ndipo kupanikizika kwa mumlengalenga kumasungidwa mumayendedwe a clutch drive (popeza chibowo chogwira ntchito cha silinda chimalumikizidwa ndi posungira kudzera mu dzenje lamalipiro).Pamene clutch pedal ikanikizidwa, pisitoni imayenda mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya phazi ndipo imakonda kukanikiza madzimadzi mumayendedwe oyendetsa.Pistoni ikasuntha, dzenje la chipukuta misozi limatseka ndipo kupanikizika kwagalimoto kumawonjezeka.Nthawi yomweyo, madzimadzi amayenda kudzera padoko lodutsa kumbuyo kwa pisitoni.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kukakamizidwa kwa dera, pisitoni ya silinda yogwira ntchito imasuntha ndikusuntha foloko yotulutsa ma clutch, yomwe imakankhira kumasulidwa - clutch imachotsedwa, mutha kusintha zida.
Panthawi yotulutsidwa kwa pedal, pisitoni mu GVC imabwerera kumalo ake oyambirira, kupanikizika kwa dera kumatsika ndipo clutch ikugwira ntchito.Pistoni ikabwezeretsedwa, madzi ogwirira ntchito omwe amasonkhanitsidwa kumbuyo kwake amakankhidwa kudzera padoko lodutsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pisitoni ichepe - izi zimatsimikizira kuyanjana kosalala kwa clutch ndikubwezeretsanso dongosolo lonselo ku chiyambi chake. boma.
Ngati pali kutayikira kwamadzimadzi ogwirira ntchito pozungulira (zomwe sizingalephereke chifukwa chakumangika kosakwanira kwa mafupa, kuwonongeka kwa zisindikizo, ndi zina), ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwamadzi komwe kumafunikira kumachokera ku thanki kudzera mudzenje lamalipiro.Komanso, dzenjeli limatsimikizira kusasunthika kwa kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito m'dongosolo pamene kutentha kwake kumasintha.
Mapangidwe ndi ntchito ya silinda yokhala ndi chosungira chophatikizika chamadzimadzi ogwirira ntchito ndi yosiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe tafotokozazi.Maziko a GVC iyi ndi thupi loponyedwa lokwera molunjika kapena pamakona.Kumtunda kwa thupi pali posungira madzi ogwirira ntchito, pansi pa thanki pali silinda yokhala ndi pisitoni yodzaza masika, ndipo pusher yolumikizidwa ndi chopondapo cholumikizira imadutsa mu thanki.Pakhoma la thanki pakhoza kukhala pulagi yolumikizira madzi ogwirira ntchito kapena cholumikizira ku tanki yakutali.
Pistoni yomwe ili kumtunda imakhala yopuma, dzenje laling'ono laling'ono limabowoleredwa pambali pa pisitoni.Pusher imayikidwa pamwamba pa dzenje, m'malo obwezeretsedwa pali kusiyana pakati pawo momwe madzi ogwirira ntchito amalowa mu silinda.
GVC yotereyi imagwira ntchito mosavuta.Pamene chopondapo cha clutch chimasulidwa, kupanikizika kwa mumlengalenga kumawonedwa mu hydraulic circuit, clutch ikugwira ntchito.Panthawi yokakamiza chopondapo, chopondera chimatsika, kutseka dzenje la pisitoni, kusindikiza pisitoni, ndikukankhira pisitoni pansi - kupanikizika kwa dera kumakwera, ndipo silinda yogwira ntchito imayambitsa foloko yotulutsa clutch.Pamene pedal imatulutsidwa, njira zomwe zafotokozedwazo zimachitidwa motsatira ndondomeko.Kutuluka kwa madzimadzi ogwira ntchito ndi kusintha kwa voliyumu yake chifukwa cha kutentha kumalipidwa kudzera mu dzenje la pisitoni.
Kusankha koyenera, kukonza ndikusintha ma GVC
Pogwiritsa ntchito galimotoyo, GCC imakhala ndi katundu wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono ziwonongeke, makamaka ma piston cuffs (pistoni) ndi zisindikizo za rabara.Kuvala kwa zigawozi kumawonetseredwa ndi kutayikira kwamadzimadzi ogwirira ntchito komanso kuwonongeka kwa tcheni (zopondaponda, kufunikira kofinya kangapo, etc.).Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikusintha zida zowonongeka - chifukwa cha izi muyenera kugula zida zokonzera ndikugwira ntchito yosavuta.Kugwetsa, disassembly, m'malo mbali ndi kukhazikitsa yamphamvu zichitike motsatira malangizo kukonza ndi kukonza galimoto.
Nthawi zina, pali malfunctions amapha a zowalamulira mbuye yamphamvu - ming'alu, fractures wa nyumba, kusweka kwa zovekera, etc. Pakuti m'malo, muyenera kusankha yamphamvu ya mtundu womwewo ndi kabukhu nambala kuti anaikidwa pa galimoto kale. , apo ayi silinda sichitha kukhazikitsidwa konse, kapena clutch sigwira ntchito bwino.
Pambuyo khazikitsa GVC latsopano, m`pofunika kusintha zowalamulira mogwirizana ndi malangizo a malangizo.Nthawi zambiri, kusinthaku kumachitika posintha kutalika kwa ndodo (pogwiritsa ntchito nati yoyenera) ya pedal ndi malo a pisitoni pusher, kusinthako kumayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi kugunda kwaulele kwa clutch pedal yomwe wopanga amavomereza (25) -45 mm zamagalimoto osiyanasiyana).M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwamadzi mu thanki ndikuwunika momwe kutayikira kumawonekera.Ndi kusintha koyenera komanso kukonza nthawi zonse, ma GVC ndi ma clutch drive onse azipereka kuwongolera kufalikira kwamtundu uliwonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2023