Maziko owongolera injini ya jekeseni ndi msonkhano wa throttle, womwe umayang'anira kutuluka kwa mpweya mu masilinda.Popanda ntchito, ntchito yoperekera mpweya imapita kugawo lina - chowongolera liwiro lopanda ntchito.Werengani za owongolera, mitundu yawo, mapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, komanso kusankha kwawo ndikusintha m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi idle speed regulator ndi chiyani?
Idle speed regulator (XXX, chowongolera mpweya chowonjezera, sensa yopanda kanthu, DXH) ndiye njira yoyendetsera magetsi pama injini a jakisoni;Chipangizo cha electromechanical chozikidwa pa mota ya stepper yomwe imapereka mpweya wa metered kwa wolandila mota modutsa valavu yotsekedwa.
Mu injini yoyaka yamkati yokhala ndi jakisoni wamafuta (majekeseni), kuwongolera liwiro kumachitika popereka mpweya wofunikira kuzipinda zoyaka (kapena m'malo mwake, kwa wolandila) kudzera pagulu la throttle, momwe valavu yowotchera imayendetsedwa ndi gas pedal ilipo.Komabe, pamapangidwe awa, pali vuto la idling - pamene pedal sichikanikizidwa, valve yotsekemera imatsekedwa kwathunthu ndipo mpweya suyenda kuzipinda zoyaka.Kuti athetse vutoli, makina apadera amalowetsedwa mu msonkhano wa throttle womwe umapereka mpweya pamene damper yatsekedwa - chowongolera liwiro chopanda ntchito.
XXX imagwira ntchito zingapo:
● Kupereka mpweya wofunikira poyambitsa ndi kutenthetsa magetsi;
● Kusintha ndi kukhazikika kwa liwiro la injini yochepa (idling);
● Kutsekemera kwa mpweya wodutsa mumayendedwe osakhalitsa - ndi kutsegula kwakuthwa ndi kutseka kwa valve throttle;
● Kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Chowongolera liwiro chopanda ntchito chomwe chimayikidwa pagulu la throttle chimatsimikizira kuti injini imagwira ntchito mopanda pake komanso motengera pang'ono.Kulephera kwa gawoli kumasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa injini kapena kuyimitsa kwathunthu.Ngati kulephera kuzindikirika, RHX iyenera kusinthidwa posachedwa, koma musanagule gawo latsopano, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a unit iyi.
Msonkhano wa throttle ndi malo a RHX mmenemo
Mitundu, mapangidwe ndi mfundo za ntchito ya PHX
Zowongolera zonse zopanda ntchito zimakhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu: mota ya stepper, cholumikizira ma valve, ndi cholumikizira valavu.PX imayikidwa mu njira yapadera (bypass, bypass), yomwe imadutsa valavu yowonongeka, ndipo gulu lake la valve limayang'anira njira yodutsa njira iyi (imasintha m'mimba mwake kuchokera kutseka kwathunthu mpaka kutsegula kwathunthu) - umu ndi momwe mpweya umayendera. wolandila ndi kupitilira kwa masilindala amasinthidwa.
Mwamapangidwe, PXX imatha kusiyana kwambiri, masiku ano mitundu itatu yazida izi imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
● Axial (axial) yokhala ndi valve conical komanso yoyendetsa mwachindunji;
● Radial (yoboola ngati L) yokhala ndi valavu ya conical kapena T yokhala ndi makina oyendetsa mphutsi;
● Ndi valve ya gawo (valavu ya butterfly) yokhala ndi galimoto yolunjika.
Axial PXX yokhala ndi valve conical imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto onyamula anthu okhala ndi injini zazing'ono (mpaka 2 malita).Maziko a mapangidwewo ndi injini ya stepper, yomwe ili pamtunda wa rotor yomwe ulusi umadulidwa - zitsulo zotsogola zimapangidwira mu ulusi uwu, kuchita ngati ndodo, ndikunyamula valavu ya cone.Chowongolera chowongolera chokhala ndi rotor chimapanga chowongolera valavu - pomwe rotor imazungulira, tsinde limatuluka kapena kubweza ndi valavu.Chomera chonsechi chimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena chitsulo chokhala ndi flange yoyika pagulu la throttle (kuyika kumatha kupangidwa ndi zomangira kapena zomangira, koma kuyika kwa varnish kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri - chowongolera chimangomangiriridwa ku gulu la throttle ndi wapadera. varnish).Kumbuyo kwa mlanduwo pali cholumikizira chamagetsi cholumikizira ku gawo lowongolera injini yamagetsi (ECU) ndikupereka mphamvu.
No-load regulator yokhala ndi valavu yolunjika yoyendetsa
Tikumbukenso kuti mu chiwongolero trapezoids kwa chitsulo ndi kuyimitsidwa paokha, tayi ndodo kwenikweni ntchito, ogaŵikana magawo atatu - amatchedwa dismembered ndodo.The ntchito dismembered tayi ndodo kupewa mowiriza kupatuka kwa mawilo chiwongolero pamene galimoto tokhala mu msewu chifukwa osiyana matalikidwe a oscillation lamanja ndi lamanzere mawilo.Trapezoid yokha ikhoza kukhala kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa chitsulo cha mawilo, poyamba imatchedwa kutsogolo, chachiwiri - kumbuyo (kotero musaganize kuti "trapezoid kumbuyo" ndi zida zoyendetsera. gwero lakumbuyo la galimoto).
M'machitidwe owongolera otengera chiwongolero, ndodo ziwiri zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - kumanja ndi kumanzere kudutsa mawilo kumanja ndi kumanzere, motsatana.M'malo mwake, ichi ndi chiwongolero cha trapezoid chokhala ndi ndodo yotalikirapo yotalikirana yokhala ndi hinge pakatikati - yankholi limathandizira kwambiri mapangidwe a chiwongolero, ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwake.Ndodo za makinawa nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mapangidwe ophatikizika, mbali zawo zakunja zimatchedwa nsonga zowongolera.
Ndodo zomangira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi kuthekera kosintha kutalika kwake:
● Zopanda malire - ndodo zachidutswa chimodzi zomwe zimakhala ndi kutalika kwake, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ndi ndodo zina zosinthika kapena mbali zina;
● Zosinthika - ndodo zophatikizika, zomwe, chifukwa cha zigawo zina, zimatha kusintha kutalika kwake mkati mwa malire ena kuti zisinthe zida zowongolera.
Pomaliza, ndodo zitha kugawidwa m'magulu ambiri malinga ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito - magalimoto ndi magalimoto, magalimoto okhala ndi chiwongolero chamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri.
Radial (L-woboola pakati) PXX ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, koma imatha kugwira ntchito ndi injini zamphamvu kwambiri.Zimachokeranso pa injini ya stepper, koma pa olamulira a rotor (armature) pali nyongolotsi, yomwe, pamodzi ndi zida zowonetsera, imatembenuza ma torque ndi madigiri 90.Kuyendetsa tsinde kumalumikizidwa ndi zida, zomwe zimatsimikizira kufalikira kapena kubweza kwa valve.Nyumba yonseyi ili m'nyumba yooneka ngati L yokhala ndi zinthu zokwera komanso cholumikizira chamagetsi cholumikizira ku ECU.
PXX yokhala ndi valavu ya gawo (damper) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini zamagalimoto ochulukirapo, ma SUV ndi magalimoto ogulitsa.Maziko a chipangizocho ndi stepper motor yokhala ndi zida zokhazikika, pomwe stator yokhala ndi maginito okhazikika imatha kuzungulira.Stator imapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a galasi, imayikidwa muzitsulo ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi gawo lachiwombankhanga - mbale yomwe imatseka zenera pakati pa mipope yolowera ndi kutuluka.RHX ya kapangidwe kameneka imapangidwa mofanana ndi mapaipi, omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi msonkhano wa throttle ndi wolandila pogwiritsa ntchito hoses.Komanso pamlanduwu pali cholumikizira chamagetsi chokhazikika.
Ngakhale pali kusiyana kwa mapangidwe, PHX yonse ili ndi mfundo yofanana yogwirira ntchito.Panthawi yomwe kuyatsa kumayatsidwa (nthawi yomweyo musanayambe injini), chizindikiro chimalandiridwa kuchokera ku ECU kupita ku RX kuti mutseke valavu kwathunthu - umu ndi momwe mfundo ya zero ya woyang'anira imayikidwa, yomwe mtengo wake umayikidwa. Kutsegula kwa njirayo kumayesedwa.Mfundo ya zero imayikidwa kuti ikonzekere kuvala kotheka kwa valavu ndi mpando wake, kuyang'anira kutsekedwa kwathunthu kwa valve kumayendetsedwa ndi panopa mu dera la PXX (pamene valavu imayikidwa pampando, pakali pano). kuwonjezeka) kapena ndi masensa ena.ECU imatumiza ma pulse ku PX stepper motor, yomwe imazungulira pa ngodya imodzi kapena ina kuti itsegule valve.Mlingo wa kutsegula kwa valavu amawerengedwa mu masitepe a galimoto yamagetsi, chiwerengero chawo chimadalira mapangidwe a XXX ndi ma algorithms ophatikizidwa mu ECU.Kawirikawiri, poyambitsa injini ndi injini yosatentha, valavu imatsegulidwa pa masitepe 240-250, ndipo pa injini yotentha, mavavu amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatsegulidwa pa masitepe 50-120 (ndiko kuti, mpaka 45-50% ya magetsi). chigawo chodutsa njira).Pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakhalitsa komanso pakunyamula pang'ono injini, valavu imatha kutsegulidwa mumitundu yonse kuyambira masitepe 0 mpaka 240-250.
Ndiye kuti, pa nthawi yoyambira injini, RHX imapereka mpweya wofunikira kwa wolandila kuti azitha kuyendetsa injini (pa liwiro lochepera 1000 rpm) kuti atenthetse ndikulowa mumachitidwe abwinobwino.Ndiye, pamene dalaivala akuwongolera injini pogwiritsa ntchito accelerator (gas pedal), PHX imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowera njira yodutsa mpaka itatsekedwa kwathunthu.ECU injini nthawi zonse amayang'anira udindo wa valavu throttle, kuchuluka kwa mpweya ukubwera, ndende ya okosijeni mu mpweya utsi, liwiro la crankshaft ndi makhalidwe ena, ndipo malinga ndi deta izi amazilamulira idle liwiro regulator, mu injini zonse. njira zogwirira ntchito zowonetsetsa kuti zosakaniza zoyaka zimayendera bwino.
Kuzungulira kwa kusintha kwa mpweya woperekedwa ndi chowongolera liwiro lopanda ntchito
Nkhani zakusankha ndikusintha m'malo mwa chowongolera liwiro chopanda ntchito
Mavuto ndi XXX amawonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe a mphamvu yamagetsi - kuthamanga kosasunthika kosagwira ntchito kapena kuyimitsa modzidzimutsa pa liwiro lotsika, kuthekera koyambitsa injini pokhapokha kukanikiza pafupipafupi kwa pedal ya gasi, komanso kuthamanga kwachangu pa injini yofunda. .Ngati zizindikiro zotere zikuwonekera, woyang'anira ayenera kudziwika motsatira malangizo okonza galimoto.
Pamagalimoto opanda XXX odzizindikiritsa okha, muyenera kuchita cheke chamanja cha owongolera ndi mabwalo ake amagetsi - izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito tester wamba.Kuti muwone mphamvu yamagetsi, ndikofunikira kuyeza voteji pa sensa ikayatsa, ndipo kuti muwone sensor yokhayo, muyenera kuyimba ma windings a mota yake yamagetsi.Pamagalimoto okhala ndi XXX diagnostic system, ndikofunikira kuwerenga zolakwika pogwiritsa ntchito scanner kapena kompyuta.Mulimonsemo, ngati RHX ikusokonekera, iyenera kusinthidwa.
Olamulira okhawo omwe angagwire ntchito ndi msonkhano wamtundu uwu ndi ECU ayenera kusankhidwa kuti alowe m'malo.PHX yofunikira imasankhidwa ndi nambala yamakalata.Nthawi zina, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito analogues, koma ndi bwino kuchita zoyeserera ndi magalimoto pansi chitsimikizo.
M'malo PXX ikuchitika motsatira malangizo kukonza galimoto.Nthawi zambiri, ntchitoyi imabwera m'njira zingapo:
1.De-energize magetsi dongosolo galimoto;
2.Chotsani cholumikizira magetsi kuchokera kwa wowongolera;
3.Dismantle the RHX pomasula zomangira ziwiri kapena kuposerapo (bolts);
4.Yeretsani malo oyika owongolera;
5.Sakani ndikugwirizanitsa PXX yatsopano, pamene mukufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosindikizidwa zomwe zikuphatikizidwa (mphete za rabara kapena gaskets).
M'magalimoto ena, pangafunikenso kusokoneza zinthu zina - mapaipi, nyumba zosefera mpweya, ndi zina.
Ngati RHX idayikidwa pagalimoto ndi varnish, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchotsa gulu lonse la throttle, ndikuyika chowongolera chatsopano pa varnish yapadera yogulidwa padera.Pakuyika zida zokhala ndi gawo lochepetsetsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano kukonza mapaipi pamapaipi.
Ndi kusankha koyenera ndikuyika, RHX iyamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, kuwonetsetsa kuti injiniyo imagwira ntchito mwanjira zonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-26-2023