Galimoto yamakono iliyonse imakhala ndi mabuleki angapo, kuphatikiza kuyimitsidwa, kapena "handbrake".Njira za brake za handbrake zimayendetsedwa ndi zingwe zachitsulo zosinthika - werengani zonse za magawo awa, mitundu yawo yomwe ilipo ndi mapangidwe awo, komanso kusankha kwawo ndikusintha, m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi chingwe chamabuleki oyimitsa magalimoto ndi chiyani?
Chingwe choimika magalimoto (chingwe cha handbrake, chingwe cha brake) - chinthu chomwe chimayendetsa magalimoto oyendetsa magalimoto;Chingwe chokhotakhota chachitsulo mu sheath yoteteza yomwe imalumikiza cholumikizira cha parking brake drive ku ma brake pads ndi mbali zapakatikati zoyendetsa.
Magalimoto amagudumu okhala ndi mabuleki oyendetsedwa ndi hydraulically amagwiritsira ntchito mabuleki oyimitsa magalimoto okhala ndi mabuleki olunjika kuchokera pa lever yomwe imayikidwa muchipinda cha cab/okwera.Kuyendetsa kwa mapepala kumamangidwa pamaziko a zinthu zosinthika - zingwe zomwe zimagwira ntchito za ndodo.
Chingwe cha brake parking chimagwira ntchito zingapo:
● Kutumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku lever yoimikapo magalimoto kupita ku mabuleki a ma gudumu akumbuyo (m'magalimoto onyamula anthu) ndi kupita ku mabuleki amanja pa shaft ya propeller (m'magalimoto ena);
● Kulipiridwa kwa zowonongeka kwa chimango, zinthu za thupi la galimoto ndi ziwalo zoyimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo omwe ali ndi mapepala ndi lever asinthe - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa chingwe (zingwe);
● Kusavuta kwa kamangidwe ka mabuleki oimika magalimoto - mukamagwiritsa ntchito zingwe, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ndodo zolimba zokhala ndi mahinji ndi zomangira zambiri.
Zingwe zamabrake zamanja zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pachitetezo chagalimoto munthawi yaifupi komanso yayitali, ndipo zimathandizira kwambiri pachitetezo chonse chamsewu.Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa chingwe kungayambitse ngozi, choncho gawo ili liyenera kusinthidwa mwamsanga.Koma musanagule chingwe cha handbrake, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu, mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a zigawozi.
Mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a zingwe zama brake oyimitsa magalimoto
Pakadali pano, magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito mabuleki oimikapo magalimoto okhala ndi mitundu itatu yayikulu yoyendetsa:
● Ndi chingwe chimodzi ndi kukoka kolimba;
● Ndi zingwe ziwiri ndi kukokera kolimba;
● Ndi zingwe zitatu.
Chipangizo chophweka chimakhala ndi galimoto yokhala ndi chingwe chimodzi: chimagwiritsa ntchito ndodo yapakati yolimba, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi lever ndi chitsulo chowongolera chomwe chimagwira chingwe chodutsamo;Chingwecho chimalumikizidwa ndi malekezero ake ku ma drive a brake pad kumanja ndi kumanzere mawilo.Pano, chingwe chimodzi chimagawidwa pawiri, hafu yake iliyonse imagwira ntchito pa gudumu lake, ndipo mphamvu yochokera ku lever imafalitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo yachitsulo yomwe imayendetsedwa.Dongosolo loterolo ndi losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera, koma limakhala lodalirika pang'ono, chifukwa kuvala kapena kusweka kwa chingwe kumabweretsa kusokoneza kwathunthu kwa magwiridwe antchito a brake yoyimitsa magalimoto.
Magalimoto ambiri amagwiritsanso ntchito mabuleki oimikapo magalimoto ndi chingwe chimodzi - amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubweretsa mapadi pa ng'oma ya brake yoyikidwa pa shaft ya propeller palimodzi.M'dongosolo loterolo, chingwechi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chowongolera chamanja popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zapakatikati.
Magawo a parking brake drive yokhala ndi zingwe ziwiri ndi chingwe chofananira
Chipangizo chovuta kwambiri chimakhala ndi galimoto yokhala ndi zingwe ziwiri: imagwiritsa ntchito zingwe ziwiri zosiyana zogwirizanitsidwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa equalizer kapena compensator, zomwe, nazonso, zimakhala pa ndodo yolimba.Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zingwe ziwiri zodziyimira pawokha, ntchito ya brake yoyimitsa magalimoto imasungidwa pomwe imodzi mwazovala kapena kusweka - mphamvu pa gudumu lachiwiri imafalitsidwa ndi chingwe chonse chachiwiri.Kuyendetsa kotereku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa kwam'mbuyomu, koma kumakhala ndi kudalirika kwakukulu, kotero lero ndikogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
M'magalimoto amtundu wachitatu, ndodo yolimba imasinthidwa ndi chingwe chachifupi chachitatu - chimagwirizanitsa lever yoyimitsa magalimoto ndi equalizer / compensator ya zingwe zakumbuyo.Machitidwe otere amakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu pakusintha ndikugwira ntchito bwino ngakhale ndi kusamuka kwakukulu kwa magawo agalimoto okhudzana ndi wina ndi mnzake (mwachitsanzo, ndi katundu wamkulu komanso wosagwirizana wagalimoto, poyimitsa galimoto pamalo otsetsereka, pomwe imodzi kumbuyoko. mawilo amagunda phiri kapena kupuma, etc.).Choncho, handbrake drive ndi zingwe zitatu masiku ano amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pa magalimoto amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makalasi.
Gulu losiyana la ma drive lili ndi machitidwe okhala ndi zingwe ziwiri zautali wosiyana.Chingwe chimodzi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chowongolera choyendetsa ndipo chimapereka choyendetsa cha ma gudumu amodzi (nthawi zambiri kumanzere).Chingwe chachiwiri chautali wamfupi chimalumikizidwa ndi choyambira pamtunda wina kuchokera pachiwopsezo, nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pamtengo wa mlatho, womwe umatsimikizira kudalirika kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe kake (kotero chingwecho chimatetezedwa ku zoyipa, kugwedezeka ndi kupindika).Kulumikizana kwa zingwe kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito equator (compensator) ndi kuthekera kosintha.
Zingwe zitatu zoyimitsa ma brake drive
Zingwe zonse za mabuleki oimika magalimoto zimakhala ndi chipangizo chofanana, chomwe chimasiyana mwatsatanetsatane.Maziko a dongosololi ndi chingwe chokhotakhota chachitsulo chaching'ono (mkati mwa 2-3 mm), chomwe chimayikidwa muchitetezo choteteza.Mkati, chipolopolocho chimadzazidwa ndi mafuta, zomwe zimalepheretsa dzimbiri ndi kupanikizana kwa chingwe.Pamapeto pa chingwe, nsongazo zimakhazikika kuti zigwirizane ndi magawo oyendetsa - lever, equalizer, brake pad drive.Malangizowo akhoza kukhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana:
● Tawu;
● Masilinda;
●Mahinji amawonekedwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana;
● Nsonga zooneka ngati U (mafoloko).
Chophimba cha chingwe chimatenga kutalika kwake konse, kupatulapo ma centimita angapo pambali pa nsonga.Chigobacho chikhoza kukhala ndi mapangidwe osiyana:
● Polima (yokhazikika kapena yolimbitsa) mchira umodzi wosanjikiza utali wonse wa chingwe;
● Chipolopolo cha zida (kasupe) pansonga za chingwe, chomwe chimakhudzana ndi mbali zozungulira za kuyimitsidwa ndi thupi, choncho zimatengera kuvala kwakukulu;
● Zingwe za mphira (anthers) m'nsonga za chingwe (mbali imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri), zomwe zimateteza chingwe ku fumbi ndi dothi, komanso zimateteza kuti mafuta asatayike.
Pamapeto onse a chipolopolo, zitsulo zachitsulo zokhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana zimakhazikika:
● Ndi ulusi wakunja ndi mtedza awiri - nthawi zambiri mkono woterewu umakhala pambali yolumikiza chingwe ku chofananira (chabwino kwambiri, ku bulaketi yomwe imalepheretsa chipolopolo kuti chisasunthike), koma pali zingwe zokhala ndi ulusi wopota mbali zonse. ;
● Ndi ulusi wamkati - tchire zotere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazingwe zoyimitsa magalimoto;
● Ndi thrust plate kapena bracket - mkono woterewu umakhala m'mbali mwa kulumikiza chingwe ku chishango cha brake wheel.
Pankhaniyi, tchire likhoza kukhala lolunjika kapena lopindika, lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mabuleki oimika magalimoto.
Zingwe za mabuleki oyimitsa zodzaza ndi equalizer
Zowonjezera (zolimbitsa) ma polima bushings, ma clamps ndi mabatani amathanso kukhazikitsidwa pa sheath ya chingwe - izi ndizomwe zimafunikira pa malo oyenera a chingwe komanso kumangirira kwake pazinthu za thupi kapena chimango chagalimoto.
Monga lamulo, kutalika ndi zizindikiro zina za chingwecho zimasonyezedwa pa chizindikiro chake kapena m'mabuku oyenerera - chidziwitsochi chimathandiza kusankha chingwe chatsopano pamene chakale chikutha.
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusintha chingwe cha brake parking
Zingwe za mabuleki oyimitsa magalimoto zimakhala ndi katundu wambiri, motero zimatopa, zimatambasula ndikutaya mphamvu pakapita nthawi.Pakukonza chizolowezi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana zingwe ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kusintha mphamvu zawo zomangika - nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika ndi nati pandodo yolimba kapena yofanana.Ngati kusintha koteroko sikutsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwabwino kwa handbrake (chingwecho chimatambasulidwa kwambiri ndipo sichimapereka mapepala odalirika), ndiye kuti chingwe (zingwe) ziyenera kusinthidwa.
Kusankhidwa kwa zingwe kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi chitsanzo ndi chaka chopangira galimoto - chingwe chatsopano chiyenera kukhala ndi nambala ya catalog monga yakale.Ngati chingwe chomwe mukufuna sichipezeka, ndiye kuti mungayesere kusankha chingwe chamtundu wosiyana muutali, mapangidwe ndi mtundu wa malangizo.Mukhozanso kutenga analogues magalimoto ena, zigawo zikuluzikulu za kupanga amene amaperekedwa ndi opanga omwewo.
Ngati handbrake drive ili ndi zingwe ziwiri zakumbuyo, ndipo imodzi yokha ndiyolakwika, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha awiriwo nthawi imodzi - izi zidzatsimikizira kusweka kwa chingwe chachiwiri.Makamaka pazifukwa zotere, opanga ambiri amapereka zingwe ndi zigawo zonse zofunika zapakatikati.
Kusintha zingwe za handbrake ziyenera kuchitika motsatira malangizo a kukonza ndi kukonza galimotoyi.Monga lamulo, ntchitoyi imachepetsedwa ndikumasula ndi kutulutsa equalizer / compensator, pambuyo pake mutha kuchotsa chingwecho pochotsa mtedza kuchokera ku zomangira ndikuchotsa nsonga kuchokera kwa ogwira nawo mbali zonse.Kuyika kwa chingwe chatsopano kumachitika motsatira ndondomeko, pambuyo pake kusintha kumapangidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zingwe zimafunidwa.Pogwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika komanso kusasunthika kwagalimoto mothandizidwa ndi nsapato kapena njira zina.Pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira momwe zingwe zikuyendera komanso kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ndi kusankha koyenera ndi kusintha zingwe, mabuleki oimika magalimoto agalimoto azigwira ntchito modalirika komanso mogwira mtima pamalo aliwonse oyimikapo magalimoto.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-26-2023