Mitundu ya jekete zamagalimoto.Cholinga, mapangidwe ndi kukula kwa ntchito

jack

Jacke yagalimoto ndi njira yapadera yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokonza chizolowezi chagalimoto kapena galimoto pomwe kukonzaku kuyenera kuchitika popanda kuthandizira galimoto pamawilo, komanso kusintha mawilo mwachindunji pamalo owonongeka kapena kuyimitsa. .Kusavuta kwa jack yamakono ndikuyenda kwake, kulemera kochepa, kudalirika komanso kumasuka kukonza.

Nthawi zambiri, jacks ntchito madalaivala magalimoto ndi magalimoto, mabizinesi zoyendera magalimoto (makamaka magulu mafoni), ntchito galimoto ndi matayala woyenerera.

Mbali zazikulu

Kulemera kwa katundu (kutchulidwa mu kilogalamu kapena matani) ndiye kulemera kwakukulu kwa katundu yemwe jack akhoza kukweza.Kuti mudziwe ngati jack ndiyoyenera kukweza galimotoyi, m'pofunika kuti mphamvu yake yonyamulira ikhale yochepa kuposa ya jack wamba kapena kukhala osachepera 1/2 ya kulemera kwa galimotoyo.

Pulatifomu yothandizira ndi gawo lapansi lothandizira la jack.Nthawi zambiri imakhala yokulirapo kuposa gawo lakumtunda kuti ipereke kupanikizika pang'ono pazomwe zingatheke, ndipo imaperekedwa ndi "spike" protrusions kuti jack asagwedezeke papulatifomu yothandizira.

Pickup ndi gawo la jack lomwe limapangidwira kuti lipume mgalimoto kapena katundu wokwezeka.Pa screw kapena rack Jacks kwa zitsanzo zakale zamagalimoto apanyumba, ndi ndodo yopinda, pa ena, monga lamulo, bulaketi yokhazikika (chokweza chidendene).

Kutalika kochepa (koyamba) konyamula (Nmin)- mtunda wawung'ono kwambiri woyima kuchokera pa nsanja yothandizira (msewu) kupita ku chojambula pamalo ake otsika.Kutalika koyambirira kuyenera kukhala kocheperako kuti jack ilowe pakati pa nsanja yothandizira ndi kuyimitsidwa kapena zinthu zathupi.

Kutalika kwakukulu kokweza (N.max)- mtunda waukulu kwambiri wowongoka kuchokera pa nsanja yothandizira kupita kumalo onyamula pamene mukukweza katundu mpaka kutalika kwake.Mtengo wosakwanira wa Hmax sudzalola jack kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kukweza magalimoto kapena ma trailer pomwe jack ili pamalo okwera.Pakapanda kutalika, ma cushions a spacer angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Maximum jack stroke (L.max)- kusuntha kwakukulu koyimirira kwa chojambula kuchokera pansi kupita kumtunda.Ngati sitiroko yogwira ntchito sikwanira, jack sangathe "kung'amba" gudumu pamsewu.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma jacks, omwe amagawidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga:

1. Zomangamanga
2.Rack ndi pinion jacks
3.Majekiti a Hydraulic
4.Njoka za chibayo

1. Zomangira jacks

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma jack car jack - telescopic ndi rhombic.Ma Screw Jacks ndi otchuka ndi oyendetsa galimoto.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ma jacks a rhombic, omwe amatha kunyamula matani 0,5 mpaka matani 3, amadziwika kwambiri ndi eni galimoto ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi zida zapamsewu.Ma jacks a telescopic omwe amatha kunyamula matani 15 ndi ofunikira pamagalimoto a SUV ndi LCV amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Gawo lalikulu la screw jack ndi screw yokhala ndi kapu yonyamula katundu, yoyendetsedwa ndi chogwirira.Udindo wa zinthu zonyamula katundu umapangidwa ndi thupi lachitsulo ndi screw.Kutengera komwe kumazungulira chogwiriracho, screw imakweza kapena kutsitsa nsanja yonyamula.Kugwira katundu pamalo omwe mukufuna kumachitika chifukwa cha braking ya screw, yomwe imatsimikizira chitetezo cha ntchito.Pakuyenda kopingasa kwa katundu, jack pa sikelo yokhala ndi screw imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuchuluka kwa ma screw jacks kumatha kufika matani 15.

Ubwino waukulu wa screw Jacks:

● kwambiri ntchito sitiroko ndi kukweza kutalika;
● kulemera kochepa;
● Mtengo wotsika.

screw_jack

Screw Jacks

The screw Jack ndi yodalirika pakugwira ntchito.Izi ndichifukwa choti katunduyo amakhazikika ndi ulusi wa trapezoidal, ndipo ponyamula katunduyo, mtedza umazungulira wopanda ntchito.Kuonjezera apo, ubwino wa zidazi umaphatikizapo mphamvu ndi kukhazikika, komanso kuti amatha kugwira ntchito popanda zowonjezera zowonjezera.

2. Rack ndi pinion jacks

Gawo lalikulu la rack jack ndi njanji yonyamula katundu yokhala ndi kapu yothandizira katunduyo.Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha rack jack ndi malo otsika a nsanja yokweza.Mapeto apansi a njanji (paw) ali ndi ngodya yoyenera kunyamula katundu ndi malo otsika othandizira.Katundu wokwezedwa panjanji umagwiridwa ndi zida zotsekera.

2.1.Lever

Choyikacho chimakulitsidwa ndi lever ya swinging drive.

2.2.Wamano

Mu ma jack gear, chowongolera chagalimoto chimasinthidwa ndi giya, yomwe imazungulira kudzera mu bokosi la gear pogwiritsa ntchito chogwirira.Kuti katunduyo akhazikike motetezeka pamtunda wina komanso pamalo omwe mukufuna, imodzi mwa magiya imakhala ndi makina otsekera - ratchet yokhala ndi "pawl".

chipika_jack

Rack ndi pinion jacks

Jacks woyikapo ndi mphamvu yonyamula matani 6 ali ndi bokosi la gear limodzi, kuyambira matani 6 mpaka 15 - masitepe awiri, matani oposa 15 - magawo atatu.

Jacks zotere zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika komanso mozungulira, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zokonzedwa bwino komanso ndi chida chapadziko lonse lapansi chokweza ndi kukonza katundu.

3. jacks Hydraulic

Ma hydraulic jacks, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, amagwira ntchito pokakamiza madzi.Zinthu zazikulu zonyamula katundu ndi thupi, pisitoni yobweza (plunger) ndi madzimadzi omwe amagwira ntchito (nthawi zambiri mafuta a hydraulic).Nyumbayo imatha kukhala silinda yowongolera pisitoni komanso posungira madzi ogwirira ntchito.Kulimbikitsidwa kuchokera ku chogwirira chagalimoto kumaperekedwa kudzera pa lever kupita ku mpope wotulutsa.Mukasunthira m'mwamba, madzi ochokera m'madzi amalowetsedwa m'bowo la mpope, ndipo akakanikizidwa, amaponyedwa m'mphepete mwa silinda yogwira ntchito, kukulitsa plunger.Kubwerera kumbuyo kwamadzimadzi kumatetezedwa ndi mavavu oyamwa ndi kutulutsa.

Kuti mutsitse katunduyo, singano yotseka ya valavu yodutsa imatsegulidwa, ndipo madzi ogwirira ntchito amathamangitsidwa kuchokera pabowo la silinda yogwira ntchito kubwerera mu thanki.

hydraulic_jack

Ma hydraulic jacks

Ubwino wa ma hydraulic jacks ndi awa:

● katundu wapamwamba - kuchokera ku 2 mpaka 200 matani;
● kukhazikika kwapangidwe;
● kukhazikika;
● kusalala;
● kuphatikizika;
● mphamvu yaing'ono pa chogwirira choyendetsa;
● kuchita bwino kwambiri (75-80%).

Zoyipa zake ndi izi:

● utali wokweza pang'ono mumzere umodzi wogwira ntchito;
● zovuta kupanga;
● sizingatheke kusintha kutalika kwapansi bwino;
● Ma Jack ngati amenewa amatha kuwonongeka kwambiri kuposa zida zonyamulira.Choncho, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kukonza.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma jacks a hydraulic.

3.1.Classic botolo jacks

Imodzi mwa mitundu yosunthika komanso yabwino ndi jack ya botolo la ndodo imodzi (kapena single-plunger).Nthawi zambiri, ma jacks oterowo ndi gawo la zida zapamsewu zamagalimoto amagulu osiyanasiyana, kuchokera pamagalimoto amalonda opepuka mpaka masitima apamsewu akulu, komanso zida zomangira misewu.Jack wotere amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lamagetsi la makina osindikizira, ma benders a mapaipi, odula mapaipi, ndi zina zotero.

telescopic_jack

Telescopic
jacks

3.2.Telescopic (kapena double-plunger) jacks

Zimasiyana ndi ndodo imodzi yokha ndi kukhalapo kwa ndodo ya telescopic.Jacks wotere amakulolani kuti mukweze katunduyo mpaka kutalika kwakukulu, kapena kuchepetsa kutalika kwa chithunzithunzi, pamene mukusunga kutalika kokweza.

Amakhala ndi mphamvu yonyamula matani 2 mpaka 100 kapena kupitilira apo.Nyumbayi ndi silinda yowongoleredwa ya plunger komanso mosungiramo madzi ogwirira ntchito.Chidendene chonyamulira cha jacks chokhala ndi mphamvu yonyamula mpaka matani 20 chili pamwamba pa phula lopindika mu plunger.Izi zimalola, ngati kuli kofunikira, mwa kumasula screw, kuonjezera kutalika koyambirira kwa jack.

Pali mapangidwe a ma jaki a hydraulic, pomwe cholumikizira chamagetsi cholumikizidwa ndi netiweki yagalimoto, kapena choyendetsa chapneumatic, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa mpope.

Posankha jekeseni wa botolo la hydraulic, m'pofunika kuganizira osati mphamvu yake yonyamulira, komanso kunyamula ndi kukweza mtunda, popeza sitiroko yogwira ntchito yokhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira yonyamulira sikungakhale yokwanira kukweza galimotoyo.

Ma hydraulic jacks amafunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi, mkhalidwe komanso kulimba kwa zisindikizo zamafuta.

Pogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi ma jacks oterowo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamangitse makina otsekera mpaka kumapeto panthawi yosungira.Ntchito yawo imatheka pokhapokha pamalo oongoka komanso (monga ma jacks aliwonse a hydraulic) kuti anyamule, osati kwa nthawi yayitali yonyamula katundu.

3.3.Kugudubuza Jacks

Ma rolling Jacks ndi thupi lotsika pamagudumu, pomwe lever yokhala ndi chidendene chokweza imakwezedwa ndi silinda ya hydraulic.Kusavuta kwa ntchito kumathandizidwa ndi nsanja zochotseka zomwe zimasintha kutalika kwa kunyamula ndi kukweza.Sitiyenera kuiwala kuti malo ophwanyika komanso olimba amafunika kugwira ntchito ndi jack rolling.Choncho, mtundu uwu wa jacks, monga lamulo, umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto a galimoto ndi masitolo ogulitsa matayala.Zofala kwambiri ndi ma jacks omwe amatha kunyamula matani 2 mpaka 5.

 

4. Pneumatic jacks

rolling_jack

Kugudubuza Jacks

pneumatic_jack

Pneumatic jacks

Ma jacks a pneumatic ndi ofunika kwambiri pakadutsa pang'ono pakati pa chithandizo ndi katundu, ndi kayendedwe kakang'ono, kuyika kolondola, ngati ntchito iyenera kuchitidwa pamtunda wotayirira, wosagwirizana kapena wadambo.

Jack pneumatic ndi mphira-chingwe chathyathyathya chopangidwa ndi nsalu yapadera yolimbitsidwa, yomwe imakwera kutalika pamene mpweya woponderezedwa (gasi) umaperekedwa kwa icho.

Mphamvu yonyamula jack pneumatic imatsimikiziridwa ndi kukakamiza kogwira ntchito mugalimoto yama pneumatic.Ma jacks a pneumatic amabwera mosiyanasiyana komanso amatha kunyamula, nthawi zambiri matani 3 - 4 - 5.

Choyipa chachikulu cha ma jacks a pneumatic ndi mtengo wawo wokwera.Zimakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zomwe zimapangidwira, makamaka zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusindikizidwa kwa mgwirizano, teknoloji yamtengo wapatali yopangira zipolopolo zosindikizidwa ndipo, potsiriza, magulu ang'onoang'ono opanga mafakitale.

Makhalidwe ofunika posankha jack:

1.Kunyamula mphamvu ndizolemera kwambiri zomwe zingatheke kuti zikwezedwe.
2.Kuyambira koyambira kumtunda ndi mtunda wocheperako womwe ungatheke pakati pa malo onyamula ndi malo othandizira a makina omwe ali pansi pa ntchito.
3.Kukweza kutalika ndi mtunda wautali kuchokera kumalo othandizira kupita kumalo opangira ntchito, ziyenera kukulolani kuchotsa mosavuta gudumu lililonse.
4.Kunyamula ndi gawo la makina omwe amapangidwira kuti apume pa chinthu chomwe chikukwezedwa.Ma rack ambiri ndi ma pinion jacks amakhala ndi chojambula chopangidwa ngati ndodo yopindika (njira iyi yomangirira siyoyenera magalimoto onse, omwe amalepheretsa kukula kwake), pomwe kunyamula ma hydraulic, rhombic ndi mitundu ina kumapangidwa. mu mawonekedwe a bracket yokhazikika (chokweza chidendene).
5.Working sitiroko - kusuntha chojambulacho molunjika kuchokera pansi kupita kumtunda.
6.Kulemera kwa jack.

 

Malamulo otetezedwa mukamagwira ntchito ndi ma jacks

Mukamagwira ntchito ndi ma jacks, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo oyambira otetezeka mukamagwira ntchito ndi ma jacks.

Mukasintha gudumu komanso panthawi yokonzanso ndikukweza ndi kupachika galimoto, ndikofunikira:

● konzani mawilo mbali ina ya jack mbali zonse ziwiri kuti galimoto isagwere ndikugwetsa jack kapena stand.Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito nsapato zapadera;
● Pambuyo pokweza thupi mpaka kutalika kofunikira, mosasamala kanthu za mapangidwe a jack, ikani choyimira chodalirika pansi pa zinthu zonyamula katundu za thupi (sills, spars, frame, etc.).Ndizoletsedwa kugwira ntchito pansi pagalimoto ngati ili pa jack yokha!


Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-12-2023